A&P-2 Exam 2

Which heart wave is larger in the frog heart, the one corresponding to atrial contraction or the one corresponding to ventricular contraction?

Ventricular

Is it possible to achieve tetany by applying multiple stimuli to the frog heart?

No

What is the innermost tunic of a cardiovascular vessel called?

tunica intima

What is the circulatory pathway that supplies and drains the entire body?

Systemic

At what stage of life does the circulation bypass the lungs?

Fetal stage

What do we call blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart?

Veins

What blood vessel does the renal artery arise from?

Aorta

What vessel does the internal jugular vein drain into?

subclavian vein

A heart rate below 60 beats/min is referred to as what?

bradycardia

What cardiac event results in the 'T' wave?

ventricular repolarization

Which ventricle has a larger, denser, and more elaborate network of purkinje fibers?

Left

What effect does increased blood volume tend to have on blood pressure?

Increases

What effect does decreased blood viscosity tend to have on blood pressure?

Decreases

What is the lower pressure measurement of a blood pressure reading called?

Diastolic

Do the apical pulse sounds occur at the same time as the radial pulse sounds?

No

What is the device used to measure blood pressure called?

sphygmomanometer

What do we call the interstitial fluid collected from the tissues and returned to the blood vessels?

Lymph

In which primary lymph organ do T lymphocytes mature?

Thymus

What is a normal value for blood pressure?

120/80 mm Hg

What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of epinephrine?

Increases

What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of lowered temperature?

Decreases

What is the middle tunic of a cardiovascular vessel called?

Tunica media

What is the circulatory pathway that supplies the brain and serves as an anastomosis?

Circle of Willis

What do we call blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart?

Arteries

Name the first vessel to branch off of the aortic arch.

brachiocephalic trunk

What vessel does the axillary vein drain into?

subclavian vein

What is the higher pressure measurement of a blood pressure reading called?

Systolic

Which artery did we listen to while we determined blood pressure?

brachial artery

What are the sounds that indicate the resumption of blood flow into the forearm called?

sound of Korotkoff

What type of lymphocytes mediate humoral immunity?

B lymphocytes

What is the outermost tunic of a cardiovascular vessel called?

tunica externa

What is the circulatory pathway that supplies and drains the lungs?

Pulmonary

Name the third vessel to branch off of the aortic arch.

left subclavian artery

What vessel does the radial vein drain into?

brachial vein

A heart rate of over 100 beats/min is referred to as what?

Tachycardia

What cardiac event results in the QRS complex?

ventricular depolarization

What effect does decreased vessel diameter tend to have on blood pressure?

Increases

What effect does increased vessel diameter tend to have on blood pressure?

Decreases

What do we call the blind-ended vessels that collect interstitial fluid from the tissues?

lymphatic capillaries

What type of lymphocytes mediate cellular immunity?

T lymphocytes

What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of pilocarpine?

Decreases

What blood vessel does the internal carotid artery arise from?

common carotid artery

What cardiac event results in the 'P' wave?

atrial depolarization

Which organ system collects and filters interstitial fluid from the tissues?

lymphatic system

During which portion of the ventricular contraction cycle was it possible to produce an extrasystole?

relaxation period

What is the general term for the three wall layers of a cardiovascular vessel?

Tunics

What blood vessel does the common hepatic artery arise from?

celiac trunk

What effect does decreased blood volume tend to have on blood pressure?

Decreases

What do we call the vessel that collects interstitial fluid from the tissues of the right upper extremity?

right lymphatic duct

Where do the stem cells that give rise to lymphocytes originate?

Bone marrow

What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of digitalis?

Decreases

What blood vessel does the splenic artery arise from?

celiac trunk

What two vessels unite to form the superior vena cava?

right and left brachiocephalic veins

What cell type is the primary inhabitant of the medulla of lymph nodes?

Macrophages

What blood vessel does the anterior tibial artery arise from?

popliteal artery

The hepatic portal vein drains blood from the intestines into what structure?

Liver

What do we call the bean-shaped organs that filter and clean interstitial fluid?

Lymph nodes

What blood vessel does the popliteal artery arise from?

femoral artery

What vessel does the ulnar vein drain into?

brachial vein

What blood vessel does the brachial artery arise from?

axillary artery

What vessel does the brachial vein drain into?

axillary vein

Which structure in the intrinsic conduction system of the heart is called the pacemaker?

sinoatrial node

What effect does increased blood viscosity tend to have on blood pressure?

Increases

What is the circulatory pathway that drains into the liver from the intestines?

hepatic portal vein

What blood vessel does the internal iliac artery arise from?

common iliac artery

What vessel does the cephalic vein drain into?

axillary vein

Name one of the three areas of the body where lymph nodes are densely clustered together.

Cervical

What blood vessel does the fibular artery arise from?

posterior tibial artery

What do we call the vessel that collects interstitial fluid from the tissues of the left upper extremity?

thoracic duct

What blood vessel does the gonadal artery arise from?

Aorta

What vessel does the external jugular vein drain into?

subclavian vein

What blood vessel does the radial artery arise from?

brachial artery

A condition of rapid uncoordinated heart contractions is referred to as what?

Fibrillation

What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of atropine?

Increases

What blood vessel does the femoral artery arise from?

external iliac artery