A&P-2 Exam 2

  1. Which heart wave is larger in the frog heart, the one corresponding to atrial contraction or the one corresponding to ventricular contraction?

    1. Ventricular

  2. Is it possible to achieve tetany by applying multiple stimuli to the frog heart?

    1. No

  3. What is the innermost tunic of a cardiovascular vessel called?

    1. tunica intima

  4. What is the circulatory pathway that supplies and drains the entire body?

    1. Systemic

  5. At what stage of life does the circulation bypass the lungs?

    1. Fetal stage

  6. What do we call blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart?

    1. Veins

  7. What blood vessel does the renal artery arise from?

    1. Aorta

  8. What vessel does the internal jugular vein drain into?

    1. subclavian vein 

  9. A heart rate below 60 beats/min is referred to as [x1].

    1. bradycardia 

  10. What cardiac event results in the "T" wave?

    1. ventricular repolarization 

  11. Which ventricle has a larger, denser, and more elaborate network of purkinje fibers?

    1. Left

  12. What effect does increased blood volume tend to have on blood pressure?

    1. Increases

  13. What effect does decreased blood viscosity tend to have on blood pressure?

    1. Decreases

  14. What is the lower pressure measurement of a blood pressure reading called?

    1. Diastolic

  15. Do the apical pulse sounds occur at the same time as the radial pulse sounds?

    1. No

  16. What is the device used to measure blood pressure called?

    1. sphygmomanometer 

  17. What do we call the interstitial fluid collected from the tissues and returned to the blood vessels?

    1. Lymph

  18. In which primary lymph organ do T lymphocytes mature?

    1. Thymus

  19. What is a normal value for blood pressure?

    1. 120/80 mm Hg

  20. What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of epinephrine?

    1. Increases

  21. What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of lowered temperature?

    1. Decreases

  22. What is the middle tunic of a cardiovascular vessel called?

    1. Tunica media

  23. What is the circulatory pathway that supplies the brain and serves as an anastomosis (confluence of vessels providing alternate pathways in case of obstruction)?

    1. Circle of Willis 

  24. What do we call blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart?

    1. Arteries

  25. Name the first vessel to branch off of the aortic arch.

    1. brachiocephalic trunk

  26. What vessel does the axillary vein drain into?

    1. subclavian vein

  27. What is the higher pressure measurement of a blood pressure reading called?

    1. Systolic 

  28. Which artery did we listen to while we determined blood pressure?

    1. brachial artery

  29. What are the sounds that indicate the resumption of blood flow into the forearm after the pressure has been eased from a blood pressure cuff?

    1. sound of Korotkoff

  30. What type of lymphocytes mediate humoral immunity?

    1.  B lymphocytes

  31. What is the outermost tunic of a cardiovascular vessel called?

    1. tunica externa

  32. What is the circulatory pathway that supplies and drains the lungs?

    1. Pulmonary

  33. Name the third vessel to branch off of the aortic arch.

    1. left subclavian artery

  34. What vessel does the radial vein drain into?

    1. brachial vein

  35. A heart rate of over 100 beats/min is referred to as [x1].

    1. Tachycardia

  36. What cardiac event results in the QRS complex?

    1. ventricular depolarization

  37. What effect does decreased vessel diameter tend to have on blood pressure?

    1. Increases

  38. What effect does increased vessel diameter tend to have on blood pressure?

    1. Decreases

  39. What do we call the blind-ended vessels that collect interstitial fluid from the tissues so that it can be returned to the cardiovascular system?

    1. lymphatic capillaries

  40. What type of lymphocytes mediate cellular immunity?

    1. T lymphocytes

  41. What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of pilocarpine?

    1. Decreases

  42. What blood vessel does the internal carotid artery arise from?

    1. common carotid artery

  43. What cardiac event results in the "P" wave?

    1. atrial depolarization

  44. Which organ system collects and filters interstitial fluid from the tissues and returns it to the cardiovascular system?

    1. lymphatic system

  45. During which portion of the ventricular contraction cycle was it possible to produce an extrasystole?

    1. relaxation period

  46. What is the general term for the three wall layers of a cardiovascular vessel?

    1. Tunics

  47. What blood vessel does the common hepatic artery arise from?

    1. celiac trunk

  48. What effect does decreased blood volume tend to have on blood pressure?

    1. Decreases

  49. What do we call the vessel that collects interstitial fluid from the tissues of the right upper extremity, head, and thorax, and empties it into the right subclavian vein where it meets the internal jugular vein? (Note: this vessel is not present in all individuals.)

    1. right lymphatic duct

  50. Where do the stem cells that give rise to lymphocytes originate?

    1. Bone marrow

  51. What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of digitalis?

    1. Decreases

  52. What blood vessel does the splenic artery arise from?

    1. celiac trunk

  53. What two vessels unite to form the superior vena cava?

    1. right and left brachiocephalic veins

  54. What cell type is the primary inhabitant of the medulla of lymph nodes?

    1. Macrophages

  55. What blood vessel does the anterior tibial artery arise from?

    1. popliteal artery

  56. The hepatic portal vein drains blood from the intestines into what structure?

    1. Liver

  57. What do we call the bean-shaped organs that filter and clean interstitial fliud from the tissues as it is transported back to the blood vessels?

    1. Lymph nodes

  58. What blood vessel does the popliteal artery arise from?

    1. femoral artery

  59. what vessel does the ulnar vein drain into?

    1. brachial vein

  60. What blood vessel does the brachial artery arise from?

    1. axillary artery

  61. What vessel does the brachial vein drain into?

    1. axillary vein

  62. Which structure in the intrinsic conduction system of the heart is called the pacemaker?

    1. sinoatrial node

  63. What effect does increased blood viscosity tend to have on blood pressure?

    1. Increases

  64. What is the circulatory pathway that drains into the liver from the intestines?

    1. hepatic portal vein

  65. What blood vessel does the internal iliac artery arise from?

    1. common iliac artery

  66. What vessel does the cephalic vein drain into?

    1. axillary vein

  67. Name one of the three areas of the body where lymph nodes are densely clustered together.

    1. Cervical

  68. What blood vessel does the fibular artery arise from?

    1. posterior tibial artery

  69. What do we call the vessel that collects interstitial fluid from the tissues of the left upper extremity, head, and thorax, and the abdomen and lower extremities, and empties it into the left subclavian vein where it meets the internal jugular vein? (Note: In some individuals, this vessel collects interstitial fluid from the entire body.)

    1. thoracic duct

  70. What blood vessel does the gonadal artery arise from?

    1. Aorta

  71. What vessel does the external jugular vein drain into

    1. subclavian vein

  72. What blood vessel does the radial artery arise from?

    1. brachial artery

  73. A condition of rapid uncoordinated heart contractions is referred to as [x1].

    1. Fibrillation

  74. What is the effect on heart rate in the frog of atropine?

    1. Increases

  75. What blood vessel does the femoral artery arise from?

    1. external iliac artery