Joyner US History Test 1

Colony that originally gifted by King Charles II to eight English Lords

Carolina

Colony that was originally intended to be a safe haven for English debtors

Georgia

First colony to establish a legislative assembly in English North America

Virginia

Colony that was originally intended to be a religiously tolerant safe haven for English Catholics

Maryland

First English colony to officially codify racial slavery and legally define African slaves as chattel.

Barbados

The first Pilgrims to be cast out of the Plymouth colony were those who had engaged in survival cannibalism during the winter of 1609-10, a period that would ultimately be remembered as "The Starving Time." True or False

False

What were the primary cash crops grown in colonial South Carolina?

Responses

Rice and Indigo

In order to bring an end to the first Anglo-Powhatan War, Chief Powhatan consented to let his daughter Pocahontas marry English Captain John Smith and officially adopt him into the Powhatan tribe. True or False

False

The primary labor system used on South Carolina rice plantations was ______________________.

The task system

Led two revolts in 1622 and 1644 against English colonists in Virginia

Opechancanough

Was head of the most powerful Indian chiefdom on the North American seaboard when English settlers first arrived at Jamestown in 1607

Powhatan

Negotiated an initial agreement of peaceful coexistence with the English Pilgrim colonists who settled at modern-day Plymouth, Massachusetts

Massasoit

Led a pan-Indian revolt throughout the colonial New England region in1675 that came to be known as King Philip's War

Metacomet

Made two trips to England during the late 16th century and attempted to broker a peaceful coexistence between his native Roanoke Indian brethren and the English colonists attempting to settle in what became known as "The Lost Colony"

Manteo

According to historians Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum, what were significant social factors in causing Salem Villagers to accuse women from Salem Town of being witches in 1692?

1. An increased desire among Salem Town inhabitants to pursue more individualistic mercantile interests that did not coincide with Puritan frugality

2. A lingering resentment among Salem villagers about how the "half-way covenant" had diluted the traditional prestige of being a fully-elected, visible saint

3. The ways in which a generation of Puritan men had gradually begun to establish themselves and their families in Salem Town, away from the ancestral homes of their parents

Waged the first of three major English wars with the Powhatan Confederacy after being appointed military governor of Jamestown in 1610.

Lord De La Warr

Organized and oversaw England's colonization attempt on Roanoke Island

Sir Walter Raleigh

Introduced the sweet-scented Oronaco variety of tobacco into the Virginia colony

John Rolfe

Enriched English investors by pirating Spanish ships transporting gold from Central and South America to Europe

Sir Francis Drake

Instituted a "work-eat rule" in Jamestown as a means of bringing order to the settlement

Captain John Smith

The 1739 Stono Rebellion was initially carried out by a group of black slaves who were originally from which part of Africa?

The Congo

Who was largely responsible for mapping the colony of Virginia and recording his reflections on the colony and its native inhabitants?

John Smith

Who was primarily responsible for founding the colony of Georgia?

James Oglethorpe

Puritan colonists actually enlisted the Narragansett and Mohegan Indians in waging a brutal attack against an entire village of Pequot Indians in what would become known as the Mystic Pequot Massacre. True or False

True

The European colonists who permanently settled in the eastern lowland portions of the Southern colonies (i.e. eastern Tidewater Virginia and coastal South Carolina) were predominantly ____________________________.

Wealthy plantation owners

In American slave communities, the process of creolization had a direct influence on what

African-American religious practices

African-American cuisine

African-American dialects

During the early-to-mid seventeenth century, the English monarchy was generally supportive of sending as many indentured servants to Virginia as possible because ___________________________________.

the more people that populated the colony, the permanent England's claim on North American soil would be

the more laborers that populated the colony, the more Virginia's profitable tobacco production would increase

it helped to partially purge England of lower-class citizens who dreamed of social mobility and land ownership in Virginia

The colonial-era Triangular Trade economically connected the Caribbean, the New England Coast, and West Africa through the cyclical buying, selling, and/or trading of which three things?

Sugar, Rum, and Slaves

Protestant reformer who wrote The Institutes of the Christian Religion

John Calvin

Puritan leader who figuratively pledged to turn the Massachusetts Bay Colony into a godly "City on a Hill"

John Winthrop

Puritan minister who founded the colony of Rhode Island after his exile from the Massachusetts Bay colony.

Roger Williams

Colonial Virginia Governor who encouraged and incentivized the immigration of "distressed Cavaliers" into the Virginia colony during the back half of the 17th century.

William Berkeley

Virginia planter who organized a small army in 1676 and waged a series of attacks against both Indians and colonial government officials.

Nathaniel Bacon

The arrangement by which English colonial planters were granted 50 acres for every indentured servant they could bring into their respective colonies was known as _____________________.

The headright system