Untitled Flashcards Set

Hierarchical organization of living organisms

Cells -> tissues -> organs -> organ systems -> organism

Leaf

Main site of photosynthesis in plants.

Stem

Supports the plant and transports materials.

Root

Anchors the plant and absorbs water and nutrients from the soil.

Indeterminate growth

Growth that continues throughout the organism's life.

Secondary growth

Involves the production of additional vascular tissues.

Xylem

Tissue that conducts water and dissolved minerals from the roots.

Phloem

Tissue that transports sugars and other metabolic products downward.

Meristem

Tissue in plants consisting of undifferentiated cells capable of division.

Root hair

Epidermal extensions that absorb water and nutrients.

Cortex

Ground tissue between the epidermis and vascular tissue.

Apical meristem

Region of actively dividing cells at the tips of roots and shoots.

Lateral meristem

Cylindrical tissue that provides secondary growth to plants.

Vascular cambium

Layer that generates secondary xylem and phloem.

Heartwood

The older, non-functional xylem in a tree.

Sapwood

The younger, functional xylem that actively conducts water.

Epidermis

Outer layer of cells covering plant organs.

Primary meristem

Tissues that lead to the formation of primary plant structures.

Secondary xylem and phloem

Tissues formed as a result of secondary growth.

Node

Region on a stem where leaves or branches originate.

Leaf primordium

Structure that gives rise to the leaf.

Ground tissue

Plant tissue that is neither vascular nor dermal, responsible for photosynthesis, storage, and support.