6 - the concept and development of organised police forces by the nineteenth century.

History

How did Britain's population change between 1700 and 1900?

It rose from 9 million in 1700 to 42 million in 1900.

Why did new industrial towns need a new law enforcement system?

Rapid urbanization led to high crime rates, and towns like Merthyr Tydfil (with over 30,000 people but only two constables) lacked sufficient policing.

Who were ‘thief takers’?

Individuals who captured criminals and claimed reward money, often acting as unofficial law enforcers.

What was the problem with thief takers?

Many were corrupt, demanding protection money and working with criminals for personal gain.

Who were two famous thief takers?

Charles Hitchen and Jonathan Wild, both known for their corruption.

How did views on policing change during this period?

The idea developed that policing should be the responsibility of the government rather than private individuals.

Why was there opposition to a national police force?

People feared it would:

Limit individual freedom by allowing government interference.

Give too much power to the police, restricting rights.

Be too expensive, leading to higher taxes.

What did some people believe was the best way to prevent crime?

By making punishments severe to act as a deterrent.