1.2 - Dimensions of Philippine Literature

Spanish Period

- Literature in this period focuses on Christianity

American-Japanese Period

- 527,000 Filipinos were killed

- 131.000 and 164,000 were killed in 72 war crimes

- Comfort Women

- Death March

Post-Colonial Period

• Post War Period

• Period of Activism

• Post-EDSA Revolution

• 21st Century Literature

The Beginning and the Road to Independence

- the two segments in the Spanish Period

Doctrina Christiana, Pasion, Pagsusulatan nina Urbana at Feliza

- the first books in the Philippines during the Spanish Period

Doctrina Christiana

- written by Juan de Plasencia

Pasion

- life and death of Jesus Christ

Pagsusulatan nina Urbana at Feliza

- written by Presbitero D. Modesto de Castro

Non-Secular and Secular Literature

- the two characteristics of literature in the Spanish Period

Non-Secular Literature

- stories about religion during the Spanish Period

Lagaylay

- two hour praise to the holy cross

Carillo

- shadow play

Secular Literature

- about human nature and experiences of people

Awit

- 12 syllables; chivalry

Ex. Florante at Laura

Korido

- 8 syllables

Ex. Ibong Adarna

Prose Narratives

- definite stories

Ex. Pagsusulatan nina Urbana at Feliza

Period of Enlightenment

- Rise of the Illustrados

- Sparked propaganda movement

- Fought for equal treatment, freedom of speech, and freedom of the press

La Solidaridad

- voice of propaganda movement

Diariong Tagalog

- first bilingual paper exposing the friars

Dasalan at Tocsohan

- prayer and jokes

Everything is Hambug

- means ‘everything is mere show’

Fray Botod

- means big-bellied priests

Noli Me Tangere

- means ‘Touch Me Not’

Revolutionary Literature

- More violent and it demanded complete independence

American Period

- Free verse poetry, modern short stories, novels, and critical essays were introduced in this period

Free public instruction and use of english language

- the two significant developments during the American period

Huseng Batute

- Pen name of Jose Corazon de Jesus

• Mga Gintong Dahon

• Sa Dakong Silangan

Severino Reyes

- Father of Tagalog Drama

• Walang Sugat

Paz Marquez Benitez

• Dead Stars

• Doing what is right vs Doing what the heart says

Japanese Period

- Writers stopped wielding pens and started wielding guns

- English language was banned

Voice of Freedom

- underground radio program

Carlos P. Romulo

- President of General Assembly

• I Saw the Fall of Philippines

• Mother America

• I See the Philippines Rise

Manuel L. Quezon

• Good Fight

Haiku

- about everyday experiences of people with 5-7-5 syllable count

Tanka

- 31 syllable count (5-7-5-7-7)

Senryu

- about human nature, attitude, and behavior (5-7-5)

Mga Duguang Plakard

- written by Rogelio Mangahas

- won the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature

Dekada ‘70

- written by Lualhati Bautista

- won the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature

Sisit sa Kuliglig

- written by Rolando Tinio

- won the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature