8 essays of T.Kiên

increasingly common

no longer sensitive

Place more importance on materialistic possessions > spiritual values

Materialistic possessions >< spiritual values

High-income earners

wealthy people

Earn other people’s praises and respects

project wealth and success

Non-material things

not money, possessions …

Hold sb in higher regard/ see sb in a different light

respect/ idolize/ pay homage to

Boastful conversation

cuộc nói chuyện khoe khoang

Unhealthy rivalry

sự đấu tranh ko lành lạnh

Become money-driven

Hold consumeristic views

Be on the receiving end

If you are at/on the receiving end of something unpleasant that someone does, you suffer because of it:

Sales assistants are often on the receiving end of verbal abuse from customers.

judge for themselves

tự mình đánh giá

Hold this view

agree

The first reason for my position is that..

Firstly, …

Another reason worth mentioning is that …

Furthermore = In addition = besides this …

Gain insights into

 learn about

Among countless others

among others = and so on

More often than not

almost always = very often

Misled (a)

 bị làm lệch hướng, bị đánh lừa ( like manipulated)

Have conflicting ideas

being swayed back and forth

As a mean

method = way of approaching

Intricacy (n)

difficulty

Fewer young people can play sports

Posing difficulties for countries in finding young talents

Attain success

be successful in sth

Top athletes

top sportspeople

Sth should be considered a negative/ unwelcome development

sth should not be regarded as progress

Public use

general public

Specialized facilities

A training complex ( construct = erect)

Pose difficulties for

 gây khó khăn cho

Aggregate (n)

phần đông, the majority

fast-paced development of technology advances/ global exchange/ international integration ( hội nhập quốc tế/ today’s globalized world/ young generation are increasingly exposed to various cultures and societal changes

đặt vào hoàn cảnh xã hội hiện tại

From the educational perspectives, because these old buildings hold significant historical and cultural values as mentioned earlier, preserving them is significantly important in today’s globalized world, when younger generations are increasingly exposed to various cultures and societal changes.

if not been for/ had not been for/ without them, it would be hard to …

Lập luận ngược nhấn mạnh tính quan trọng

Cultural and historic significance

culturally and historically interesting = culturally/ historically important = are of interest = of more cultural and historic importance than others

Take precedence over

quan trọng hơn, có lợi thế hơn

Serve as a source of knowledge for sb

sb gain insights into sth = sth offers insights into sth for sb

Greatly undermine

This might greatly undermine a country’s culture and the world’s cultural diversity as a whole.

Vestiges of the past

chứng nhân lịch sử

In the aggregate

for the general population/ for the majority of citizens

Recoup the initial investment many times over

Hoàn lại vốn bỏ ra gấp nhiều lần

A magnet for tourists

popular tourist attraction

There are arguments for and against this approach, and I will explore both sides of the debate before presenting my own personal view.

discuss both views and give your opinions later

Assume extra responsibilities

take on more duties

Be tasked with

Help

Children

small children/ older children/ teenagers/ adolescents

Enjoy their lives

enjoy their childhood

By extension

rộng ra là

Eg. Furthermore, completing such tasks instills a sense of pride and achievement, which can by extension boost their self-esteem.

Juggle the tasks

manage a lot of tasks at the same time

Engender stress

sinh ra áp lực

A much-needed break from

time for entertainment

receive the best of both worlds

Extra responsibilities -> done in moderation + age-appropriate → not engender stress + interfere time for play/ beneficial activities in leisure time 

(If) balance is struck → receive the best of both worlds

Have equal access to better healthcare and education

Ensure economic stability -> social mobility

Avoid working excessively to afford basic necessities

More time to spend with family and friends -> boost life contentment

Make education and health services more accessible to everyone 

( effectiveness) help people gain skills/ get adequate treatments when they are sick

→ enjoy the benefits without causing economic issues.

The rich and the poor

The haves and the have-nots = the wealthy and the less well-off

The happy society

the contented society

Reduce the gap in earning

narrow the gap = bridge the gap = reduce earnings inequality 

Boost the life contentment

improve quality of life

Backfire

Counter-productive

Result

A foreseeable outcome would be that … = Therefore, it is likely that there would be …

Do more harm than good in practice

have more consequences in reality

age-based hiring biases

định kiến ​​tuyển dụng theo độ tuổi

age discrimination

sự phân biệt tuổi tác

be overlooked in favor of a younger applicant

bị bỏ qua để chọn một ứng viên trẻ hơn

level playing field

sân chơi bình đẳng

deciding factor

yếu tố quyết định

credentials

qualifications

leverage (v)

harness (v) = tap into (v): tận dụng

mentorship (n)

sự cố vấn

age demographics

các nhóm tuổi

diversified/multigenerational workforce

 lực lượng lao động đa dạng/nhiều thế hệ

experienced (adj)

seasoned

blanket mandatory education

giáo dục bắt buộc bao trùm

serve every individual's best interests

phục vụ lợi ích tốt nhất của mỗi cá nhân

academically inclined

có khiếu học hành

higher academic pursuits

theo đuổi trình độ học thuật cao hơn