(Completed) Upper Limb - Blood Supply, Venous and Lymphatic Drainage

Based on Batch 2025 Trans. Hopefully these flashcards will be enough for review, no need to re-read transes. Please do use Atlas and Texbooks (Gray's Anatomy) for help with visualization

The Aortic arch gives of these three branches:

Brachiocephalic Trunk (Right Common Carotid a., Right Subclavian a.)

Left Common Carotid a.

Left Subclavian a.

Where does the Upper limb get its arterial supply from?

Right and Left Subclavian arteries

True or False? The LEFT subclavian artery branches DIRECTLY from the aortic arch.

True.

When does the Subclavian artery become the axillary artery?

It reaches the lateral border of the 1st Rib

What are the Branches of the Subclavian Artery? (Remember VIT C & D)

Vertebral a.

Internal Thoracic a.

Thyrocervical trunk → suprascapular a.

Costocervical trunk

Dorsal scapular a.

True or False? The Dosal scapular artery descends along the Medial border of the scapula while the Subscapular artery descends along the lateral border of the Scapula.

True!

The subclavian artery becomes the Axillary Artery.

The Axillary artery becomes the _____.

Brachial Artery

What tissue encloses the Axillary artery?

Axillary Sheath

What muscle divides the Axillary a. into 3 parts? ***

Pectoralis Minor ms.

What is the ONLY branch the 1st part of the Axillary a. gives off and what does it supply?

Superior Thoracic a.

Supply the 1st & 2nd Intercostal spaces and Superior part of the Serratus Anterior ms.

True or False? The 2nd part of the Axillary a. BRANCHES INTO 2: Thoracoacromial a. & Lateral Thoracic a.

True.

The Thorcacoacromial Artery of the Axillary artery gives off 4 branches:

1) Deltoid a.

2) Pectoral a.

3) Acromial a.

4) Clavicular a.

“Teh wat D PAC”

Which part of the Axillary a. extends from the lower border of the pectoralis minor ms. to the lower border of the Teres major ms.?

The 3rd part

The 3rd part of the Axillary a. gives off 3 branches:

1. SCT

2. AC

3. PC

1) Subscapular a. → Circumflex scapular a. & Thoracodorsal a.

2) Anterior circumflex humeral a.

3) Posterior circumflex humeral a.

Which artery encircles the surgical neck of the humerus + together with the Axillary n. passses through the quadrangular space.

Posterior circumflex humeral a.

When the surgical neck of the humerus is fractured, the ___ artery and ___ nerve is at risk?

Posterior circumflex a.

Axillary nerve.

What artery provides the main arterial supply to the arm?

Brachial A.

True or False? The brachial a. terminates at the NECK of the RADIUS as it divided into the Radial and Ulnar arteries

True

Which part (front, middle, lower) does the Median nerve cross over the Brachial a. ?

Middle!

What is the largest and most superior branch of the Brachial a.?

Profunda Brachii a.

____ is the larger of the two terminal branches of the Brachial artery (Radial or Ulnar)

Ulnar

The ___ artery enters the palm INFRONT of the flexor retinaculum to form the Superficial Palmar Arch.

Ulnar a.

The ____ artery supplies the muscles of the Medial & Central Forearm, the common flexor sheath and the ulnar and median nerves.

Ulnar a.

IDK BUT I’ll just put this here. What are the Periarticular arterial anastomosis?

SIMR-PAIR

The anterior compartment of the arm is mainly supplied by which artery?

Brachial a.

The posterior compartment of the arm is mainly supplied by which arteries?

Profunda Brachii a. & Ulnar Collateral a.

The Anterior compartment of the FOREarm is supplied by which arteries?

Radial and Ulnar arteries

The Lateral compartment of the FOREarm is supplied by which arteries?

Brachial a. & Radial a.

The Posterior compartment of the FOREarm is supplied by which artery?

Ulnar A.

The ___ artery enters into the hand between the pisiform and hook of hamate (ulnar/ Guyon’s canal).

Ulnar a.

After the ulnar a. enters through guyon’s canal, it divides into ____ & ____ which supplies the thumbs and fingers.

Superficial palmar arch → 3 common palmar digital arteries

Deep palmar arch

True or False? The Superficial palmar arch of the ulnar artery is completed by anastomosing with the superficial branch of the radial a.

True

The Superfical palmar arch of the Ulnar a. supplies the _____ digits of the hand

MEDIAL 3 and ½

Which artery crosses the anatomical snuffbox as it enters the hand?

Radial artery

The Deep Palmar Arch supplies which digits of the hand?

The lateral 1 and ½

Which artery mainly supplies the Deep Palmar Arch?

Radial Artery

Venous drainage begins with the ______ receiving blood from digits.

Dorsal Venous Arch

True or False?

Venous blood from the radial side of the hand drains into the Basilic Vein while venous blood from the ulnar side of the hand drains into the Cephalic Vein.

False. Always remember “Thumb-Cephalic, Pinky-Basilic” for venous drainage of hand.

What vein ascends on the radial side of the forearm and up into the arm in the deltopectoral groove?

Cephalic Vein

The Cephalic vein pierces the Clavipectoral fascia, eventually draining into which vein?

Axillary Vein

Which Vein arises from the medial side of the dorsal venous arch of the hand?

Basilic vein

The Basilic vein eventually drains into which vein?

Axillary vein

What vein links the cephalic vein and basilic vein in the cubital fossa.

Median Cubital vein

True or false? The Median cubital vein is a site for venipuncture.

True

True or false? The Axillary vein is paired.

False! There is ONLY one axillary vein. But usually veins are paired like the Radial (artery → vein) and Ulnar (artery → vein)

Axillary vein is formed by the union of which 2 veins?

Basilic Vein

Brachial vein

(+) Cephalic vein joins

true or false? There are 2 cephalic veins but only 1 brachiocephalic artery

True (right and left cephalic)

Lymph flows in ____ direction(s) from tissues into the venous blood.

ONE

IDK IM LAZY BUT ILL JUST ADD THIS. How do the 5 axillary lymph nodes drain into the Subclavian lymphatic trunk.

hoyeh

Which group of Axillary lymoh nodes would initially enlarge from an infected wound on the palmar surface of the hand?

a. posterior

b. Lateral

c. central

d. apical

Lateral. Look at the figure.

Once the subclavian artery exits the thoracic inlet, it crosses __ to the anterior scalene muscles to give off the branches for the head, neck, chest and scapular brandes.

Subclavian artery crosses posterior to the anterior scalene

The lateral thoracic artery is a key blood supply for which muscle, especially in females?

1. Deltoid

2. Serratus Anterior

3. Subscapularis

4. Pectoralis Major

Pectoralis Major

• Lateral Thoracic artery provides significant blood supply to the lateral aspect of the pectoralis maj. and the overlying breast tissue

An embolus lodging in the third part of the axillary artery would likely be bypassed by blood flow from which of the following collateral pathways?

• Anastomosis between the lateral thoracic and thoracoacromial arteries

• Anastomosis around the scapula involving the subscapular and suprascapular arteries

• Direct flow from the internal thoracic artery

• Anastomosis between the Subclavian and Brachial arteries

• Anastomosis around the scapula involving the subscapular and suprascapular arteries

At which part does the brachial artery divide into the radial and ulnar arteries?

NECK of radius

At which part does the ulnar artery begin?

In the cubital fossa, @ level of neck of RADIUS

What are the branches of the Ulnar Artery?

• Ulnar Recurrent Artery

  • Anterior & Posterior Ulnar RECCURENT Artery

• Common Interosseous Artery

  • Anterior & Posterior Interosseous Artery

What is the one and only branch of the Radial Artery

radial recurrent branch

• Palmar branch

• Dorsal branch

What is the BLOOD SUPPLY of the posterior compartment of the arm?

Profunda Brachii

Ulnar collateral

What is the BLOOD SUPPLY of the forearm?

• Anterior Compartment

• Lateral Compartment

• Posterior Compartment

What is the BLOOD SUPPLY of the forearm?

• Anterior Compartment

  • Radial a.

  • Ulnar a.

• Lateral Compartment

  • Brachial a.

  • Radial a.

• Posterior Compartment

  • Ulnar a.

The superficial palmar arch supplies the __ digits?

Medial 3 and ½ digits

What does the radial artery give off?

• 3 palmar metacarpal a.

• Radialis indicis a.

• Princeps pollicis a.

The radial artery supplies the ___ digits

Radial (lateral) 1 and ½ digits

Which palmar arch is more distal?

Superficial palmar arch is MORE DISTAL

The dorsal venous arch receives blood from ?

The Digits

The dorsal venous arch drains into which vein?

Cephalic vein on the radial/lateral side

Basilic vein on the ulnar/medial side

__ are

• generally arranged in pairs,

• situated one on either side of the corresponding artery

• Connected at intervals by short transverse branches.

Venae Commitantes

**** What is the exception sa Venae commitantes?

• Paired lahat sa radial artery and ulnar artery.

• EXCEPT 1 Axillary Vein : 1 Axillary Artery

How many directions does lymph flow?

ONLY ONE DIRECTION

Just .. remember the direction of how lymph flows

From SIAN:

Spiral Groove - Radial Artery

Radial Groove - Profunda Brachii Artery