History of English Literature: The Middle/Dark Ages Period

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to the history of English literature during the Middle and Dark Ages, preparing for insights into significant events, figures, and cultural shifts.

Dark Ages

A term coined by Francesco Petrarch to describe the Middle Ages, characterized by a perceived lack of scientific and cultural advancement.

Norman Conquest

The event marked by William, Duke of Normandy, claiming the English throne; initiated with the Battle of Hastings in 1066.

Battle of Hastings

A key battle fought on October 14, 1066, which led to William the Conqueror's victory and the Norman control of England.

Feudalism

The dominant political system during the Middle Ages, where the king granted land to barons in exchange for military service.

Domesday Book

A record of William the Conqueror's possessions and a detailed account of the royal estates in England, serving as an early census.

Black Death

A devastating pandemic that struck Europe between 1346-1352, resulting in the deaths of more than half of the population.

Magna Carta

The Great Charter signed by King John of England in 1215, limiting royal authority and establishing principles of legal rights.

Anglo-Normandy

A new dialect that emerged after the Norman invasion, combining aspects of Norman French and English.

Geoffrey Chaucer

A prominent English poet of the Middle Ages known for works like 'The Canterbury Tales' which reflect various social classes.

Petrarch

An Italian scholar who coined the term 'Dark Ages' and criticized the Middle Ages for its lack of cultural advancements.