Skeletal Muscle

cartilage

avascular, soft and flexible connective tissue

bone

hard, strong, lightweight living connective tissue

osteoprogenitor.osteogenic

cells part of mesenchymal stem cell lineage that differentiate into osteoblasts

osteocytes

no mitosis

exchange nutrients and waste material with blood, help rgulate bone mass

osteoblasts

secrete collagen and form organic compounds for bone formation

differentiate into osteocytes and no mitosis

osteoclasts

resorb bone matrix and release minerals into blood

multinucleate cells derived from monocytes 

axial skeleton

skull, vertebral column, rib cage

appendicular skeleton

everything else

sutures

immovable joints that hold together bones of the skull

ligaments

bone to bone

tendon

muscle to bone

foramen

opening that allows for passage of nerves

origin

point of attachment of muscle to stationary bone

insertion

point of attachment that moves

flexion

bending of joint

extension

straightening of joint

long bone

long shaft (DIAPHYSIS) and 2 ends of metaphysis and epiphysis

osteon

functional unit of compact bone; includes lamellae and haversion canals

lacunae

osteocytes trapped between lamellae reside here and exchange nuteients via canaliculi (Small canals)

medullary cavity

hollow part of bone surrounded by compact bone

• contains yellow bone marrow and site of hemopoiesis (RBC)

epiphyseal plate

• sheet of cartilage found between metaphysis and epiphysis 

• location where vertical bone growth occurs in cartilage and replaced by bone near adulthood 

compact bone

very organized, dense bone

lamellae

concentric rings of compact bone that form the hg=aversian canals

volkmann’s canals

connects blood vessels & lymph vessels contained in haversian canal

haversian canals

passageway for nerves, blood and lymph vessels

spongy.cancellous bone 

less dense consisting of interconnecting lattice of bony spicules called trabeculae 

• spaces filled with bone marrow

fibrous joint

• connect bones via dense connective tissue without allowing any movement (bw bones of the skull)

cartilaginous joint

• bones are attached together by cartilage and allow for little movemenet 

• includes the spine and ribs 

synovial joint (most common)

• allows for movement and is filled with synovial fluid that acts as a lubricant