Studied by 17 peoplepolycystic kidney disease(PKD)
Genetic disease in which large cysts develop on a kidney; Nephrons are replaced by cysts
diabetic nephropathy
Kidney damage caused by diabetes mellitus
Glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney
Analgesic nephropathy
Kidney damage caused by overuse or abuse of drugs
Lithotripsy
Shockwaves to break up a kidney stone
Renal failure
Decrease in kidney function
Ischemia
Tissue injury due to inadequate blood flow to kidney
Creatinine
waste product of muscle metabolism
diabetes insipidus
Too little Antidiuretic hormone being produced and secreted
diabetes mellitus
insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia
Water toxicity
Dangerously low blood sodium
Glomerulosclerosis
Scarring of portions of the renal corpuscles
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
RBC debris may block vessels to kidney
Kidney stones
Can block kidney tubules
Hematuria
Blood in urine
Urinary tract infection
Movement of fecal matter into urethra and bladder
Rugae
Permit expansion of the urinary bladder
Diffusion
Movement of ions and solutes from high to low concentration
Osmosis
Movement of water from low ion to high
Voiding
urination
Filtration
Ion concentration
Secretion
Movement of blood substances from glomerulus into capsule
reabsorption
Movement of substances from tubules to capillaries
Autoregulation
Controls blood pressure to nephrons
Vasoconstriction
Decrease of blood vessel diameter
Vasodilation
Increase of blood vessel diameter
Ureter
Transports urine from kidneys to bladder
Urethra
Transport urine to outside the body
Bladder
Hollow holding structure for urine
Nephron
functional unit of the kidney
Renal hilum
Indentation on medial side of kidneys
Renal pyramid
Striped areas in the renal medulla; collection of renal tubules
Minor calyces
receive filtrate from collecting duct
juxtaglomerular cells
Monitors blood flow to kidneys; secrete renin
peritubular capillaries
Wraps around nephrons; participates in secretion and reabsorption
ADH
Decreases urination,secreted by hypothalamus
ANH
increases urination, secreted by heart
Renin
raises blood pressure, secreted by kidney
Angiotensin II
Increases thirst and increases secretion of regulatory hormones
ACE
converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II in lungs
ACE inhibitor
Lowers blood pressure
Epinephine
Decreases glomerular filtration by causing vasoconstriction of afferent atertioles
Aldosterone
Decreases urination, increases sodium reabsorption
Blood pressure
Has extensive feedback loop with kidneys
Hyponatremia
low sodium in the blood
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