MED
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Last updated 4:06 PM on 3/10/23
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45 Terms
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polycystic kidney disease(PKD)
Genetic disease in which large cysts develop on a kidney; Nephrons are replaced by cysts
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diabetic nephropathy
Kidney damage caused by diabetes mellitus
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Glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney
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Analgesic nephropathy
Kidney damage caused by overuse or abuse of drugs
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Lithotripsy
Shockwaves to break up a kidney stone
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Renal failure
Decrease in kidney function
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Ischemia
Tissue injury due to inadequate blood flow to kidney
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Creatinine
waste product of muscle metabolism
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diabetes insipidus
Too little Antidiuretic hormone being produced and secreted
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diabetes mellitus
insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia
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Water toxicity
Dangerously low blood sodium
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Glomerulosclerosis
Scarring of portions of the renal corpuscles
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Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
RBC debris may block vessels to kidney
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Kidney stones
Can block kidney tubules
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Hematuria
Blood in urine
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Urinary tract infection
Movement of fecal matter into urethra and bladder
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Rugae
Permit expansion of the urinary bladder
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Diffusion
Movement of ions and solutes from high to low concentration
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Osmosis
Movement of water from low ion to high
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Voiding
urination
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Filtration
Ion concentration
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Secretion
Movement of blood substances from glomerulus into capsule
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reabsorption
Movement of substances from tubules to capillaries
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Autoregulation
Controls blood pressure to nephrons
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Vasoconstriction
Decrease of blood vessel diameter
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Vasodilation
Increase of blood vessel diameter
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Ureter
Transports urine from kidneys to bladder
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Urethra
Transport urine to outside the body
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Bladder
Hollow holding structure for urine
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Nephron
functional unit of the kidney
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Renal hilum
Indentation on medial side of kidneys
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Renal pyramid
Striped areas in the renal medulla; collection of renal tubules
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Minor calyces
receive filtrate from collecting duct
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juxtaglomerular cells
Monitors blood flow to kidneys; secrete renin
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peritubular capillaries
Wraps around nephrons; participates in secretion and reabsorption
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ADH
Decreases urination,secreted by hypothalamus
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ANH
increases urination, secreted by heart
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Renin
raises blood pressure, secreted by kidney
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Angiotensin II
Increases thirst and increases secretion of regulatory hormones
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ACE
converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II in lungs
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ACE inhibitor
Lowers blood pressure
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Epinephine
Decreases glomerular filtration by causing vasoconstriction of afferent atertioles
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Aldosterone
Decreases urination, increases sodium reabsorption
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Blood pressure
Has extensive feedback loop with kidneys
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Hyponatremia
low sodium in the blood
Note 
Flashcards (72)