MED

DEATH SKULL EMOJI X10

polycystic kidney disease(PKD)

Genetic disease in which large cysts develop on a kidney; Nephrons are replaced by cysts

diabetic nephropathy

Kidney damage caused by diabetes mellitus

Glomerulonephritis

inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney

Analgesic nephropathy

Kidney damage caused by overuse or abuse of drugs

Lithotripsy

Shockwaves to break up a kidney stone

Renal failure

Decrease in kidney function

Ischemia

Tissue injury due to inadequate blood flow to kidney

Creatinine

waste product of muscle metabolism

diabetes insipidus

Too little Antidiuretic hormone being produced and secreted

diabetes mellitus

insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia

Water toxicity

Dangerously low blood sodium

Glomerulosclerosis

Scarring of portions of the renal corpuscles

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

RBC debris may block vessels to kidney

Kidney stones

Can block kidney tubules

Hematuria

Blood in urine

Urinary tract infection

Movement of fecal matter into urethra and bladder

Rugae

Permit expansion of the urinary bladder

Diffusion

Movement of ions and solutes from high to low concentration

Osmosis

Movement of water from low ion to high

Voiding

urination

Filtration

Ion concentration

Secretion

Movement of blood substances from glomerulus into capsule

reabsorption

Movement of substances from tubules to capillaries

Autoregulation

Controls blood pressure to nephrons

Vasoconstriction

Decrease of blood vessel diameter

Vasodilation

Increase of blood vessel diameter

Ureter

Transports urine from kidneys to bladder

Urethra

Transport urine to outside the body

Bladder

Hollow holding structure for urine

Nephron

functional unit of the kidney

Renal hilum

Indentation on medial side of kidneys

Renal pyramid

Striped areas in the renal medulla; collection of renal tubules

Minor calyces

receive filtrate from collecting duct

juxtaglomerular cells

Monitors blood flow to kidneys; secrete renin

peritubular capillaries

Wraps around nephrons; participates in secretion and reabsorption

ADH

Decreases urination,secreted by hypothalamus

ANH

increases urination, secreted by heart

Renin

raises blood pressure, secreted by kidney

Angiotensin II

Increases thirst and increases secretion of regulatory hormones

ACE

converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II in lungs

ACE inhibitor

Lowers blood pressure

Epinephine

Decreases glomerular filtration by causing vasoconstriction of afferent atertioles

Aldosterone

Decreases urination, increases sodium reabsorption

Blood pressure

Has extensive feedback loop with kidneys

Hyponatremia

low sodium in the blood