THE RESTORATION AND THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

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15 Terms

1
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What change did the Restoration bring to the monarchy in England?

It established a constitutional monarchy where the king was subservient to the law and Parliament.

2
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Who was invited to return and ascend the throne during the Restoration?

Charles II, the son of Charles I.

3
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What were the two political parties that emerged from the Civil War?

The Cavaliers became the Tory party, while the Roundheads became the Whig party.

4
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What social change did Charles II promote during his reign?

He revived traditions banned by Cromwell and reopened theatres, including the introduction of female actors.

5
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Who was the first female actress in England?

Nell Gwyn.

6
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What scientific institution did Charles II promote?

The Royal Society.

7
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Who was the president of the Royal Society during the Restoration?

Sir Isaac Newton.

8
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What devastating events hit London in 1665 and 1666?

The Plague in 1665 and the Great Fire of London in 1666.

9
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Who was the chief architect responsible for rebuilding after the Great Fire of London?

Sir Christopher Wren.

10
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What was the significance of the new center of London after its rebuilding?

It shifted from St. Paul's Cathedral to the Stock Exchange, reflecting materialism and a move away from religion.

11
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What was the main issue of succession after Charles II's death?

Charles II had no male heir and his brother James II was Catholic, causing fear of a return to Catholicism.

12
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What event was referred to as the Glorious Revolution?

James II's attempt to empower Catholics led to his overthrow and the invitation of William of Orange to the throne.

13
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What was established by the Bill of Rights in 1689?

No king or queen could impose taxes, make or suspend laws, or raise an army without Parliament's permission.

14
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What was the Act of Succession of 1701?

It stipulated that no Catholic could ever sit on the throne of England.

15
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What did the Glorious Revolution signify for the future of England?

A shift towards democracy, political stability, and the end of religious conflict.