Stationary Particle Model: Model Development & Motion

Physics 1: Sections 1.1 & 1.2

What are mechanics?

The study of motion (or rest) and the interactions that cause motion to change.

Also called Newtonian or classical mechanics

What are the three branches mechanics is divided into?

Kinematics, statics, and dynamics

What is kinematics?

Motion without references to forces

What is statics?

Forces on systems in equilibriums (at rest)

What is dynamics?

How forces change in motion

What is a model?

A simplification of the world

What are the representations of models?

Verbal, pictorial, graphical, mathematical

What is a system?

The portion of the universe chosen to model

What is the state of a system described by?

Fundamental properties

What is mass?

Describes how matter resists change in motion; that is, a measure of inertia

What is electric charge?

Describes matters positive, negative, or neutral characters

What is position?

Indicates a systems location in space

What is velocity?

Indicates how the position is changing

What is kinetic energy?

Indicates the work requires to alter motion

What is momentum?

Indicates motions resistance to change

What does a systems state changes due to?

Interactions with its surroundings

What are surroundings?

Everything outside the system that interacts with it

What are the three types of surroundings?

Massive objects nearby, charged objects nearby, substances in contact

What are the massive objects nearby?

Give rise to a gravitational force

Earth for earthbound systems

What are the charged objects nearby?

Give rise to an electric force, if the system is charged

What are the substances in contact?

Give rise to pushes and pulls (friction and tension)

What are assumptions?

Allow us to simplify a model so that we can describe it mathematically

What are the assumptions of a Stationary Particle Model?

Particle, mass is constant, charge is constant, at rest

What is time?

A specific instant used to order events in the universe

Single number

Always positive or zero

What is elapsed time?

The difference between the final time and the initial time

Always positive

What is length?

The extent or measurement of something from end to end

What is position?

The location of an object in space?

What is position characterized by?

Magnitude and direction → vector

Can be positive, negative, or zero

one coordinate in one-dimensional motion

two coordinates in two-dimensional motion

What is a 1D coordinate system?

Provides rules for measuring positions along a straight line. It will have an origin, positive direction, and scale

What is the Stational Particle Model equation?

x= constant

What is the big IDEA?

Interpret, diagram, evaluate, assess

What is a motion diagram?

When this is required by the problem or a graph is not included, it will involve:

World line

Coordinate system

Dots

Symbols

Values

Units