Executive Branch

office of the president includes…

• white house staff + presidential cabinet
• vice president
• national security council
• office of management + budget
• office of U.S. trade
• office of science + technology

who appoints the white house staff?

president

what does the white house staff do?

helps the president make decisions, which are confirmed by the senate

vice president

second highest ranking office under the president

national security council

advises president of domestic, foreign, and military security issues and concerns

Office of Management and Budget

oversees the president's preparation for federal budget

office of U.S. trade

helps develop U.S. foreign trade policies

office of science and technology

offers advice on scientific and technical matters

executive departments include…

• department of state
• department of treasury
• department of justice
• interior department
• department of education
• department of homeland security

department of state

manages relationship w other countries

department of the treasury

production of currency and dispensing social security payments

department of justice

manages crime and civil rights within federal law

interior department

manages land and national parks

department of education

manages public schools funds and curriculum

department of homeland security

deals with borders, immigration, emergency response to disasters

independent agencies include…

• central intelligence agency (CIA)
• environmental protection agency
• U.S. postal service
• social security administration
• national aeronautics and space administration (NASA)

central intelligence agency (CIA)

coordinates government

environmental protection agency

protects human and environmental health

U.S. postal service

provides mail processing and delivery service

social security administration

manages programs that provide financial security (social security numbers, retirement, disability, medicare)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

space exploration

the presidential roles

• chief of state
• chief executive
• chief diplomat
• commander in chief

chief of state

the ceremonial head of gov, the symbol of the people of U.S.

chief executive

in charge of enforcing laws by signing bills into law

diplomat

a person who represents a country

chief diplomat

the power to negotiate treaties with other countries and appoint foreign ambassadors

foreign ambassador

high ranking gov official who reps their country in a foreign country

commander in chief

head of the armed forces

president qualifications

• 35 yrs old
• Jus Soli (born in the U.S.) Jus Sanguinis (U.S. citizen by blood)
• live in the U.S. for 14 consecutive years

how many times did roosevelt run for president?

4 times

22nd amendment

Limits the president to two terms.

when was the 22nd amendment passed?

1951

before 1951, was there a limit for the number of times someone to run for president?

no

length of 2 presidential terms

8 years

the president gets replaced if…

they are…

• becoming incapacitated
• dies
• resigns
• is unable to hold office
• is removed from office

order of succession

1. Vice president
2. Speaker of the House
3. President of the Senate
4. Secretary of State
5. Secretary of the Treasury

succession

the act of one person following another in a specific order

presidential succession act of 1947

a fixed order of succession, made by congress, should be president be unable to perform their duties

the first lady/gentleman

• generally husband/wife of president, but not always
• they aren't elected
• provide informal advice to the president
• take a public role for many causes of their own choosing

who did president buchanan (whos not married) choose his first lady to be?

his niece Harriet Lane

presidential domestic powers

1. enforces passed laws from congress
2. issue executive orders
3. appoints federal judges
4. the heads of executive offices
5. grant pardons
6. the power to veto

domestic powers

the authority the president has when it comes to national issues within the states

executive orders

can manage + change operations of the federal gov w/o involvement of legislative branch

who can stop executive orders if they feel overreaches executive power?

the congress and federal courts

pardons

all presidents can pardon any person/agency of a federal crime

pardon

legal forgiveness of a crime

the power to veto

the president can reject a bill being passed by congress (then gets sent back to congress)

presidential foreign powers

• presidential diplomacy
• make treaties
• make executive agreements
• power of recognition

presidential diplomacy

the president is the chief rep of the U.S. to other nations

make treaties

formal agreements with other countries

make executive agreements

a pact between the president and the head of another country

power of recognition

the executive power of the president to recognize and establish relationships with foreign countries