ELECTRICITY MAGNETISM

LESSON 1

an object is electrically neutral when it has __ amounts of both type of charges.

equal

Sometimes called excess charge because a charged object has an excess of either positive or negative charge

net charge

a tiny imbalance in either positive or negative charge on an object is the cause of?

static electricity

is a property of tiny particles in atoms

electric charge

the unit of electric charge is?

coulomb (C)

are created between all electric charges

electric forces

because these are two kinds of charge(positive & negative) the electrical forces between charges can attract or repel

electric forces

charge can be transferred by?

conductor

in__, both positive and negative charges carry current

conductive liquids

in____, only the electrons can move so current is carried by the flow of negative electrons

solid metal conductors

negative charge moves to the?

left

positive charge moves to the?

right

is the movement of electric charge through a substance

current

the electrons are what carry the current in a

conductor

the elctrons in __ are not free t move - they are tightly bound inside atoms

insulators

has a few free electrons and atoms with bound electrons that act as insulators

semiconductor

relates the force between single charges separated by a distance

coulomb’s law

when two neutral objects are rubbed together, charge is transferred from one to the other and the objects become oppositely charged.

charging by friction

the force between two charges gets __ as the charges move closer together

stronger

electric forces always occur in pairs according to?

newton’s third law

the force between charges is ___ proportional to the magnitude, or amount of each charge

directly

doubling one charge, __the force

doubles

doubling both charges,_ the forces

quadruples

the force between charges is __ proportional to the square of the distance between them

inversely

doubling the distance reduces the force by a factor of___

2² = 4

the force and distance follow an inverse square relationship

inverse square law

is used to describe any quantity that has a value for all points in space

field

mass creates ___ that exerts forces on other masses

gravitational field

__ are far weaker than electric forces

gravitational forces

the mass of the earth creates a __

gravitational field

charge creates an ___

electric field

the __ show the force on a positive test charge

field lines

field lines always point ___ from positive charge and __ negative charge

away, toward

with gravity, the of the field is in ___ because the field describes the amount of force per kg of mass

newtons per kilogram N/kg

with electric field, the strength is in

newtons per coulomb N/C

describes the amount of force per coulomb of charge

electric field

is a storage device for electric charge

capacitor

can be connected in series or parallel in circuits, just like resistance

capacitor

the simplest type of capacitor is called

parallel plate capacitor

the ability of a capacitor to store charge is called

capacitance

capacitance is measured in?

farads (F)