Nasal Cavity and Pharynx

Hyopharyngeus m.

thyrohyoid and ceratohyoid bones to the mid-dorsal raphe of the pharynx

constricts rostral part of pharynx

Thyropharyngeus

thyroid cartilage lamina to the mid-dorsal raphe of the pharynx

constricts middle part of the pharynx

Cricopharyngeus m.

(upper esophageal sphincter)

lateral surface of cricoid cartilage to the mid dorsal raphe of the pharynx

constricts caudal part of pharynx

Stylopharyngeus m.

ONLY DILATOR

stylohyoid bone to the rostrodorsal wall of the pharynx

dilates, elevates, and draws the pharynx forward

Palatinus m.

caudal edge of the horizontal part of palatine bone to the caudal free border of the soft palate

shortens the soft palate