Studied by 0 people
Air Pollution
Concentration of harmful trace substances in air.
Solid Waste Pollution
Accumulation of non-biodegradable materials in environment.
Water Pollution
Contamination of water bodies affecting ecosystems.
Global Warming
Increase in Earth's average temperature due to emissions.
Ozone Layer
Stratospheric zone absorbing harmful UV rays.
Greenhouse Effect
Trapping of heat by atmospheric trace gases.
Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Release of CO2 from burning fossil fuels.
Acid Deposition
Acids falling as precipitation damaging ecosystems.
Acid Precipitation
Rain, snow, or fog containing sulfuric and nitric acids.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Pollutants damaging the ozone layer, previously used as coolants.
Sulfur Dioxide
Gas produced by burning coal, contributing to acid rain.
Nitrogen Oxides
Gases from vehicle emissions causing air pollution.
Trace Gases
Minor atmospheric gases affecting climate and air quality.
Per Capita Income
Average income per person in a given area.
Gross National Income (GNI)
Total income of a nation's residents, per capita.
Fossil Fuels
Natural fuels like coal and oil, major pollution sources.
Acid Rain
Rainfall with high acidity damaging natural and built environments.
UV Rays
Ultraviolet radiation harmful to living organisms.
Ozone Gas
Gas in the stratosphere protecting Earth from UV radiation.
Global Patterns of Precipitation
Changes in rainfall distribution due to climate change.
Environmental Migration
Movement of people due to environmental changes.
Acidic Droplets
Tiny droplets formed from sulfuric and nitric acids.
Corrosion
Deterioration of materials due to chemical reactions.
Industrial Regions
Areas with high concentrations of factories and pollution.
Trace Substances
Minor components in air that can cause pollution.
Temperature Increase
Rise in Earth's temperature since 1880 by 1°C.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Release of gases contributing to the greenhouse effect.
Environmental Impact
Effects of human activities on natural ecosystems.
Temperature Inversion
Warm air traps pollutants near the ground.
Particulate Matter
Dust and smoke particles from various sources.
Carbon Monoxide
Gas that reduces blood oxygen levels.
Hydrocarbons
Organic compounds forming smog in sunlight.
Photochemical Smog
Air pollution causing respiratory issues and haze.
Urban Air Pollution
Concentration of pollutants in city areas.
Sanitary Landfill
Common method for solid waste disposal.
Incineration
Burning waste to reduce volume and generate energy.
Hazardous Waste
Toxic materials requiring careful disposal methods.
Point Source Pollution
Pollution from a specific, identifiable source.
Nonpoint Source Pollution
Pollution from diffuse, widespread sources.
Municipal Sewage
Wastewater from urban areas treated before discharge.
Toxic Chemicals
Harmful substances released into the environment.
Solid Waste Generation
Average of 2 kg waste per person daily.
Air Quality Improvement
Enhanced air conditions due to regulations.
Emission Controls
Regulations to limit pollutants from sources.
Water Usage
Average American consumes 5,300 liters daily.
Environmental Health
Impact of pollution on human and ecosystem health.
Pollution Sources
Manufacturers and vehicles contributing to air quality.
Aluminum Industry
Heavy water users located near hydroelectric power.
Temperature Inversion Effects
Calm conditions worsen air pollution concentration.
Wastewater Treatment
Process to remove pollutants from sewage.
Clean Water Act
U.S. law improving water quality standards.
Industrial Accidents
Unintentional releases causing water pollution.
Pollution Control Measures
Strategies to reduce environmental contamination.
Waterborne Diseases
Illnesses caused by contaminated drinking water.
Nonpoint Sources
Pollution sources difficult to control, mainly agricultural.
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Oxygen consumed by decomposing organic waste in water.
Aral Sea
Formerly fourth-largest lake, shrank due to irrigation.
Aquatic Life
Plants and animals living in water ecosystems.
Point Sources
Specific, identifiable sources of pollution.
Aquatic Plant Production
Growth of plants in water, can cause oxygen depletion.
DDT
Pesticide that contaminated fish in Great Lakes.
Warm Water Discharge
Release of heated water affecting aquatic species.
Right-to-Work Laws
Laws allowing open shops, limiting union requirements.
Industrial Growth
Expansion of manufacturing sectors in various regions.
Sewage Pollution
Wastewater contaminating water bodies, harming ecosystems.
Agricultural Runoff
Water carrying fertilizers and pesticides into waterways.
Cotton Irrigation
Water diversion for cotton farming, harming ecosystems.
Fish Species Decline
Reduction in fish populations due to pollution.
Industrial Waste
Byproducts from manufacturing processes, polluting water.
Salt Flats
Dry areas left after water bodies recede.
Economic Distress
Financial hardship in regions prompting industrial relocation.
Infrastructure Development
Building essential facilities to support industry.
Labor Force
Workers available for employment in industries.
Gulf Coast Industry
Manufacturing area focused on oil and gas access.
Oxygen Starvation
Condition where water lacks sufficient oxygen for life.
Cotton Fields
Agricultural areas where cotton is cultivated.
Industrial Relocation
Movement of industries to new geographic areas.
Pollution Control
Methods to manage and reduce environmental contamination.
Water Quality
Measure of the condition of water for use.
Open Shop
Workplace where union membership isn't mandatory.
Textile Production
Industry focused on fabric and clothing manufacturing.
Interregional Shifts
Movement of manufacturing from one region to another.
Convergence Regions
Areas in Europe with lower-than-average incomes.
Competitive Regions
Regions in Western Europe facing job losses.
European Union Structural Funds
Financial aid for economically struggling regions.
Central Europe
Region with emerging industrial investment post-communism.
Labor Proximity
Closeness of labor supply to manufacturing sites.
Emerging Industrial Regions
New areas gaining manufacturing activity and investment.
International Division of Labor
Job allocation based on skill and wage differences.
Outsourcing
Delegating production to independent suppliers.
Vertical Integration
Company controls all production phases internally.
Transnational Corporations
Companies operating in multiple countries for production.
Labor Costs
Expenses associated with hiring workers.
Apparel Industry Decline
Reduction in U.S. domestic clothing manufacturing jobs.
Manufacturing Job Loss
Decrease in available manufacturing positions over time.
Foreign Manufacturing
Production of goods in countries outside the U.S.
Wage Disparity
Difference in wage rates across regions.
Southeast Manufacturing
Region with low wages attracting textile production.
Northeastern Textile History
Historical center of U.S. textile production.
Spain's Industrial Growth
Rapid manufacturing expansion post-EU membership.
Note 
Flashcard (32)