POL 220 - MIDTERM 1 - Powers & Limits

why the 15 terms matter

Executive Orders

They show unilateral power, allowing the president to act quickly, especially when Congress is divided, but they can be overturned by courts or future presidents.

Veto Power

It gives the president influence over lawmaking, forcing Congress to negotiate, though Congress can override it.

Commander in Chief

Allows quick military action, especially in crises, but creates tension with Congress over war powers.

Treaty Power

Shows leadership in foreign policy, but requires Senate approval, limiting the president.

Pardons

A strong individual executive power with few limits, demonstrating independence from other branches.

Impeachment

A major check on presidential power, but is political and rarely results in removal.

Judicial Review

Limits executive actions, especially executive orders.

Checks and Balances

Prevents the president from becoming too powerful.

Congressional Oversight

Ensures accountability and limits abuse of power.

Chief Executive

Shows control over government agencies, but also dependence on bureaucracy.

Chief Legislator

Demonstrates that presidents must work with Congress, not act alone.

Chief Diplomat

Central in global relations, but limited by Senate and international factors.

Chief of State

Builds public trust and support, which strengthens political power.

Federalist Papers

Provide the foundation for understanding why the president has power but is constrained.

Public Opinion

A key source of power — presidents rely on support to influence Congress and succeed.