Chapter 14: Artificial Intelligence

What must organizations do for every IT application they acquire?

Plan, evaluate, and justify.

What are the three main bases for IT acquisition decisions?

Costs, benefits, and strategic alignment.

What is an application portfolio?

A prioritized list of existing and proposed IT applications.

What is the output of the IT planning process?

IS Strategic Plan.

What does a cost-benefit analysis compare?

Costs versus benefits of an IT investment.

List the four common cost-benefit evaluation methods.

Net Present Value (NPV), Return on Investment (ROI), Break-even analysis, Business case approach.

What are the six stages of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

Systems investigation, systems analysis, systems design, programming & testing, implementation, operations & maintenance.

What are the three options during systems investigation?

Do nothing, modify existing system, develop a new system.

What is an essential part of the feasibility study in system development?

Assessing technical, economic, and behavioral feasibility.

What are some methods used in systems analysis?

Interviews, surveys, observation.

What characterizes the Agile Development methodology?

Flexible, iterative approach that breaks projects into iterations.

What are key features of the Scrum Agile framework?

Team collaboration, short development cycles, regular progress reviews.

What are CASE tools?

Computer-Aided Software Engineering tools that automate SDLC tasks.

What are the two leasing models for software?

Lease software to install on company systems, or lease software and run on vendor’s platform (SaaS).

What is a defining characteristic of purchasing a prewritten application?

It is fast to implement and has lower development costs.

What does customization of a prewritten application entail?

Allowed only if the vendor permits it and can be expensive and complex.

How does the programming phase fit into the SDLC?

It involves converting design specifications into code.