Intro to OB Terminology, OB History, Menstrual Cycle, Ovarian Cycle, Endometrial Cycle.docx

OB

Obstetrics – health care of a woman during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum.

GYN

Gynecology – referring to woman/female health.

Gestation

Length of time from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) to delivery.

Antepartum

Term for pregnancy while the woman is pregnant.

Intrapartum

Term for labor and birth; while the woman is in true labor.

Postpartum

Refers to the 6-week period after childbirth when a woman’s body returns to its nonpregnant state.

Neonate

A newborn baby during the first 28 days of life.

Infant

A baby from 1 month to 1 year of life.

Gravida

The number of pregnancies a woman has had, including the current pregnancy.

Nulligravida

A woman with no pregnancies.

Primigravida

A woman who is pregnant for the first time.

Multigravida

A woman who has had multiple pregnancies.

Para

The number of pregnancies delivered after 20 weeks gestation, regardless of the outcome.

Nullipara

A woman with 0 deliveries.

Primipara

A woman with 1 delivery.

Multipara

A woman with 2 or more deliveries.

TPA

Number of pregnancies, not children.

G (Gravida)

Number of pregnancies including the current pregnancy.

T (Term)

Number of pregnancies delivered between 37 & 42 weeks gestation.

P (Preterm)

Number of pregnancies delivered between 20 & 36 weeks & 6 days gestation.

A (Abortions)

Number of pregnancies delivered between conception & 19 weeks & 6 days gestation.

L (Living)

Number of living children delivered.

Menstrual Cycle

Periodic uterine bleeding that begins approximately 14 days after ovulation.

Average Length of Menstrual Cycle

28 days (range 25-32 days).

Average Duration of Flow

5 days (range 2-8 days).

Average Blood Loss

40 ml (range 20-80 ml).

Feedback Loop

Hormonal response mechanism during the menstrual cycle.

Follicular Phase

Pre-ovulatory phase of the ovarian cycle, first 14 days.

Luteal Phase

Post-ovulatory phase of the ovarian cycle, last 14 days.

Mittelschmerz

Mid-cycle pain associated with ovulation.

Menstrual Phase

Days 1-5 of the endometrial cycle, shedding of the endometrium.

Proliferative Phase

Days 6-14 of the endometrial cycle, endometrium proliferates.

Secretory Phase

Days 15-25 of the endometrial cycle, uterus prepares for fertilization.

Ischemic Phase

Days 26-28 of the endometrial cycle, occurs if fertilization does not happen.

Primary Hormone in Pregnancy

Progesterone.

Menarche

Onset of first menstruation in a woman's life.

Menopause

Cessation of menstruation for at least one year.

Perimenopause

Transition period before and after menopause.

Gamete

A reproductive cell (sperm or ovum).

Spermatogenesis

The process of sperm production in males.