1. James I and Charles I 1603-29 relationship with parliament and finance

factors for the weakening of crown finance

repercussions of QE, parliament, irresponsibility of J, irresponsibility of C

how much land did QE sell

£800,000 worth

how much debt was England in from QE

£100,000

what country was England at war with during QE’s reign that KJ had to fix

Spain

how did KJ resolve war with Spain

Treaty of London 1604

why did KJ have more underlying costs than QE

large family (8 children)

what were ante suppers

making two fully prepared dinners and throwing the first one away because it was cold and only eating the second one

how expensive were antesuppers

one in 1621 cost £3,300

how did KJ spend his subside money

gave £44,000 of 1606 subside money to 3 Scottish friends

how much debt was England in by 1621

£900,000

how much had court spending increased between 1603 and 1625

50%

what was the Cockney Project

a failed attempt to create a cloth trade deal with the Dutch, ended up growing the debt from £726,000 in 1617 to £900,000 in 1620

what was the great contract

1610/11– failed – Cecil tried to get £200,000 of grants and clear £600,000 of debt and give up some prerogative income but both P. and James had too much to lose – nothing happened.

what was the impact of KJ selling Peerages

got money fast but devalued them since it was special for members of PN to have them from gifts anymore

what was the impact of KJ selling the title of Baronet

gained £90,885 by 1614 but devalued title

what was the Loan from the City of London

£100,000 loan from London in 1610

what form of money annoyed P

selling of monopoly rights

what was Cecil’s book of rates

1608 - levied impositions on 1400 items, impositions became worth £70,000/year.

how did P help after the Gunpowder Plot

1605 - granted 2 subsides

what money did KJ gain financially from his THIRD P

1621 - voted only 2 subsides that = £140,000

what money did KJ gain financially from his FORTH P

1624 - gained £300,000 for warefare in exchange for statute of monopolies which resticted his selling of monopolies

what year did Charles become king

1625

what was the debt by 1629

£2,000,000

how did P grant Tonnage and Poundage to Charles

only granted it for a year when normally it was granted for life

what did Charles do about the Tonnage and poundage

continued to collect it past the year

what was the forced loan

1626 - very unpopular, only £267,000 (\~70% of expected) collected, 76 people arrested for not paying

what grants did KC want when he joined the 30YW compared to what he got

Wanted 30YW subsides to add up to £1,000,000 but only got £140,000

when did personal rule start

1629

what was the shirley’s case in the 2nd parliament

1604 – MP Shirley arrested for debt during session so sent Shirley’s debt collectors to Tower of London in protest until Shirley was released

what did KJ do in 1606 to try and unite the three kingdoms in the 2nd parliament

declared his new title as ‘king of Great Britain etc.’, established a new currency for both whole kingdom, all ships to carry union flags.

what happened in Cadiz

1625 - foreign policy failure, intervened in the 30YW, 4000/6000 deaths were from starvation, more English troops died because of lack of food than because of enemy gunfire, failed to get the gold from Spanish fleets and caused Charles to call another Parliament.

why did mps get annoyed at the opening of the 1626 parliament

Annoyed P. by opening Parliament by having anti-Calvinist Laud preach opening sermon.

what privileges was Buckingham given inn the 1626 p

was allowed to remove anyone he disliked from court, e.g., Lord Keeper John Williams and the Earl of Arundel

why was the 1626 parliament shut down

MPs starting impeaching processes against Buckingham

what happened at La Rochelle in 1627

Useless as France has already made peace with the Huguenots, Only 2989/7833 soldiers returned, Buckingham’s attacked signalled that England was now at war with both Spain and France

what did KC have to agree to in order to be granted subsides by p

promised to grant C. 5 subsides if C. stopped uses taxes that didn’t require P. like Tonnage and Poundage, if he stopped forcing people to hold soldiers (billeting), stopped the use of martial law as if was to absolute

what was the petition of right

1628 – written by p as they didn’t believe he =could rule without them writing everything out for him basically, stated that p had to agree to taxation, imprisonment only with just cause (had to stick to habus corpus), imposition of martial law, and billeting was illegal.

what were the three resolutions

1628 - resummoned p as they would now compromise , agrredd to give charles five subsides if he address agrivences on illegal taxation, billeting, martial law, and imprisonament without trial. the ynegociated gaainst Coke as to not directly attack charles. mps held the speaker down in the chair so he could not s=dissolve p until they passed it

what was the overbury scandal

1613 – Death of Overbury. Became a scandal 2 years later as Carr was suggested murderer. James begged him to plead guilty after severe pressure; sentenced to death – pardoned in 1622.

who was lionel cranfeild

fav - made lord treasurer in 1621

who was esme stuart

kji’s fav 1579-81

who was robert carr

kji’s fav 1607-13 but lost it during overbury scandal

what was the subsides act

1624 – Parliament agree to give James a subsidy of £300k, (as he was ill it was mainly Charles and Buckingham – agreed to use the money for FP.

why was the death of sir walter reiley controveral

1618 – Execution of Sir Walter Raleigh done to appease the demands of the Spanish. Marked end of Elizabethan golden age and, even though he wasn’t popular, became it (anti-Spanish feelings.)

what was the book of bounty

1608 - surveying Crown lands to adjust the leasing policies. But James’s continued gifting of the lands hampered Cecil’s efforts.

what happened to Buckingham in 1628

assinated, caused rejoicing in p

what were the contents of the Two Remonstrance drawn up in 1628

one criticizing buckingham’s FP failures, one addressing Charles’s continued collection of tonnage and poundage which apparently went against the Petition of Right. Charles suspended parliament to keep collecting.

how did james get rid of the haters in p in 1625

stratigically removed wentworth and coke haters, Earl of Arundel and John Keeper, by dismissing and arresting them

what was the five knights case

1628 - 76 people were imprisoned for refusing to pay the forced loan and Charles imprisoned the 5 main resistors without writ of habius corpus (you counldnt be imprisioned without trial) and then kci falsify the legal records