Chapter 6 - Animal Nutrition : Digestion

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25 Terms

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passive diffusion
Water is absorbed by ________ throughout the length of the small intestine and mineral salts are absorbed in the ileum.
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Nutrients
absorbed across the wall of the small intestine and into the capillaries or lacteal.
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islets of Langerhans
Cells in the pancreas that secrete insulin
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synthesis of plasma
The liver is involved in the ________ proteins e.g.
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pyloric sphincter
a ring of muscle at the base of the stomach that allows chyme to pass into the small intestine in small amounts at a time.
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oesophagus
a muscular tube that leads to the stomach.
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alcohol
The drug, which if consumed too much, can also lead to inflammation, scarring and destruction of liver cells.
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small intestine
The structure divided into three parts: the duodenum, jejunum and ileum.
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Peristalsis
Process in the stomach that churns the food to break the food up and mix it thoroughly with gastric juice.
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Saliva
Present in the mouth and contains salivary amylase, an enzyme which breaks down starch into maltose.
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Acetaldehyde
Substance converted to harmless acetic acid by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase.
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stomach
The ________ walls form deep pits that contain gastric glands.
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waste matter
The ________ ends up at the rectum where it is stored before it can be eliminated from the body through the anus.
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Glucagon
a hormone that stimulates the liver cells to convert stored glycogen in the liver back into glucose.
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small intestine
Food is completely digested here
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Excessive alcohol consumption
________ can lead to inflammation and ulcers.
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Teeth
start to break the food into smaller pieces.
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bile
an alkaline greenish-yellow fluid, is produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder
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Emulsification
The process where bile breaks up large fat droplets into smaller fat droplets
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Villi
Finger-like projections on the inner wall of small intestines
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Lacteal
a network of capillaries and a small vessel within each villus
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Large intestine
has the function of absorbing the remaining water and mineral salts that have not been absorbed by the small intestine.
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Rectum
where the waste matter is stored before it can be eliminated from the body through the anus.
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Hepatic portal vein
A large blood vessel the blood capillaries of the villi converge into
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Liver
The organ involved in the synthesis of plasma proteins

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