A&P Practical 1 - Reflexology

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Reflex Arc Components (5 of them)

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1

Reflex Arc Components (5 of them)

  1. Receptor

  2. Sensory Neuron

  3. Integration Center

  4. Motor Neuron

  5. Effector

    (Figure 21.1)

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2

Receptor (Reflex Arc)

The site of stimulus action

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3

Sensory Neuron (Reflex Arc)

Sends afferent impulses to the Central Nervous System

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4

Integration Center (Reflex Arc)

Integrates the information from the sensory neuron to the motor neuron

  • A synapse between a sensory neuron & a motor neuron (monosynpatic reflex)

  • One or more interneurons synapsing to form the integration center (Polysynaptic reflex)

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5

Motor Neuron (Reflex Arc)

Conducts efferent impulses from the integration center to an effector organ

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6

Effector (Reflex Arc)

A muscle fiber or gland cell, response to efferent impulses by contracting or secreting

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7

Monosynaptic Reflex Arc

A single synapse between a sensory neuron & a motor neuron

  • Ex: Patella Reflex

    (Figure 21.2)

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8

Polysynaptic Reflex Arc

Involves one or more interneurons synapsing to form the integration center

  • Ex: Flexor reflex

    (Figure 21.2)

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9

Patellar Reflex

A kick is seen in response to a tap on the lower patella.

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10

What muscle contracts in the patellar reflex?

Quadricep Femoris

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11

What nerve carries the afferent & efferent impulses in the patellar reflex?

Femoral Nerve

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12

How does distraction play into the patellar reflex?

No effect

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13

How does exercise play into the patellar reflex?

The more exercise, the less of a reflex is seen from the patellar reflex

  • This is due to the muscles being tired and worn out

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14

Calcaneal Tendon Reflex

When the Achilles tendon is tapped while the foot is dorsiflexed (pointed upwards), the foot will plantar-flex (point downwards)

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15

Plantar Reflex (Babinski)

An object is dragged from the base of the heel towards the top of the foot, causing the toes to curl in (for a healthy adult) or the toes to fan out (for a healthy baby)

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Positive Babinski

Toes fan out

  • Bad for adults

  • Good for babies

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17

Negative Babinski

Toes curl in

  • Good for adults

  • Bad for babies

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18

Pupillary Reflex

When light is shined into one pupil, both pupils will contract

  • This is a function of the sympathetic nervous system to let in less light to the pupils and get a better view

  • This indicates that the nerve pathways of both the eyes converge for this reflex

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19

Ciliospinal Reflex

When the back of the neck is touched on one side, the corresponding side’s pupil will dilate

  • This indicated that the nerve pathways of both eyes do not converge for this reflex

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20

Suggested Questions for Reflexology

1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 11, 20, 21

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