Chemistryy

X Ray

X Ray

Wilhelm Roentgen discovered this form of energy

radioactivity/ radioactive decay

the process in which one element spontaneously changes into another element

radioisotope

any isotope that undergoes changes

alpha particle

the form of radiation containing the heavier particle is made up of helium nuclei

beta particle

the form of radiation containing the lighter particle consists of electrons called

Ernest Rutherford

the three types of radiation were first identified by

2+

each alpha particle carried an electric charge of

1-

each beta partice carried an electric charge of

0

each gamma ray carries an electric charge of 0

transmutation

conversion of an atom of one element to an atom of another element

how do scientist induce transmutations

by bombarting stable nuclei with high energy alpha,beta, or gamma radiation

where are the most induced transmutation reactions produced

in high-energy particle accelerations

what were the first transuranium elements discovered

Neptunium and plutonium

Rutherford

proposed the nuclear atomic model

Thomson

determained the mass to charge ratio of an electron

Millikan

calculated the mass of an electron

proton location

nuclus

proton relative charge

positive

proton relative mass

1

neutron location

nuclus

neutron relative charge

no charge

neutron relative mass

1

electron location

electron cloud

electron relative charge

negitive

electron relative mass

1/1840

alpha compostiton

low energy 2 protons 2 nueutrons

alpha mass (amu)

4

alpha charge

+2

beta composition

electrons

beta mass

1/1840

beta charge

-1

Gamma composition

high energy electromagnetic radiation

Gamma mass

0

Gamma charge

0