Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System Multiple Choice Revision

The pointed apex of the heart is oriented toward the:

A) left shoulder

B) right shoulder

C) left hip

D) right hip

E) umbilicus

C) left hip

The layer of the heart wall synonymous with the visceral layer of the serous pericardium is:

A) myocardium

B) endocardium

C) epicardium

D) parietal layer of the serous pericardium

E) either endocardium or epicardium

C) epicardium

Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the:

A) body

B) digestive organs

C) skin

D) lungs

E) brain

D) lungs

The right AV valve is known as the:

A) aortic semilunar valve

B) tricuspid valve

C) mitral valve

D) pulmonary semilunar valve

E) bicuspid valve

B) tricuspid valve

Pulmonary veins:

A) transport oxygenated blood to the lungs

B) transport blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs

C) transport oxygenated blood to the heart

D) split off the pulmonary trunk

E) return blood to the right atrium of the heart

C) transport oxygenated blood to the heart

What structure divides the left from the right ventricle:

A) interventricular septum

B) interatrial septum

C) bicuspid valve

D) tricuspid valve

E) chordae tendineae

A) interventricular septum

When the ventricles contract, the bicuspid (mitral) valve prevents blood from flowing from the:

A) right ventricle to the right atrium

B) left ventricle to the left atrium

C) left atrium to the right atrium

D) right atrium to the left atrium

E) left ventricle to the right ventricle

B) left ventricle to the left atrium

8. The tricuspid valve is located between the:

A) right atrium and left atrium

B) right atrium and right ventricle

C) left ventricle and pulmonary artery

D) left ventricle and aorta

E) right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

B) right atrium and right ventricle

Deoxygenated blood is returned to the right side of the heart by the:

A) superior and inferior vena cavae

B) pulmonary trunk

C) aorta

D) pulmonary veins

E) pulmonary arteries

A) superior and inferior vena cavae

Which one of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood:

A) superior vena cava

B) inferior vena cava

C) coronary sinus

D) pulmonary artery

E) pulmonary vein

E) pulmonary vein

Which valve guards the base of the aorta and opens when the ventricles are contracting:

A) mitral valve

B) aortic semilunar valve

C) bicuspid valve

D) pulmonary semilunar valve

E) tricuspid valve

B) aortic semilunar valve

Which one of the following are direct branches of the left coronary artery:

A) circumflex and marginal arteries

B) anterior and posterior interventricular arteries

C) anterior interventricular and marginal arteries

D) anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries

E) posterior interventricular and marginal arteries

D) anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries

The sinoatrial node is located in the:

A) aorta

B) right atrium

C) left atrium

D) right ventricle

E) interventricular septum

B) right atrium

Which one of the following represents the correct path for the transmission of an impulse in the intrinsic conduction system of the heart:

A) atrioventricular (AV) node, sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

B) atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, sinoatrial (SA) node, Purkinje fibers, right and left bundle branches

C) sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, atrioventricular (AV) node, Purkinje fibers, right and left bundle branches

D) sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, atrioventricular (AV) node, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

E) sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

E) sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

Chest pain resulting from the loss of oxygen to heart cells is called:

A) endocarditis

B) angina pectoris

C) stroke

D) myocardial infarction

E) heart block

B) angina pectoris

Which of these events is NOT associated with ventricular systole:

A) atrioventricular valves close

B) heart is relaxed

C) blood rushes out of the ventricles

D) pressure in ventricles rises

E) semilunar valves open

B) heart is relaxed

The mitral valve is normally closed:

A) when the ventricle is in diastole

B) when the ventricle is in systole

C) when the atrium is contracting

D) by the movement of blood from the atrium to the ventricle

E) when the ventricle is contracting

B) when the ventricle is in systole

A person with a heart rate of 75 beats per minute and a stroke volume of 60 mL per beat has a cardiac output of:

A) 4500 mL/minute

B) 1.25 mL/minute

C) 0.8 mL/minute

D) 6000 mL/minute

E) 120 mL/minute

A) 4500 mL/minute

Which one of the following is true concerning the "lub-dup" sounds of the heart:

A) the first sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the tricuspid valve; the second sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the mitral valve

B) the first sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the tricuspid valve; the second sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the mitral valve

C) they are caused by contraction of the ventricles, followed by contraction of the atria

D) the first sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the AV valves; the second sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the semilunar valves

E) the first sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the semilunar valves; the second sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the AV valves

D) the first sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the AV valves; the second sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the semilunar valves

The volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle with each beat of the heart is called the:

A) cardiac output

B) cardiac cycle

C) stroke volume

D) heart rate

E) diastolic pressure

C) stroke volume

The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is:

A) arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, venules, veins

B) arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, veins, venules

C) arterioles, arteries, venules, veins, capillary beds

D) arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, veins, venules

E) arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins

E) arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins

Which of the following is common for right sided congestive heart failure:

A) pulmonary congestion and edema

B) myocardial infarction

C) suffocation

D) coronary atherosclerosis

E) peripheral congestion and edema

E) peripheral congestion and edema

Which of the following increases heart rate:

A) low levels of potassium

B) parasympathetic nervous system stimulation

C) vagus nerve stimulation

D) cold

E) epinephrine

E) epinephrine

Veins:

A) carry blood away from the heart

B) branch into smaller vessels called arterioles

C) transport oxygen-rich blood

D) operate under high pressure

E) often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

E) often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

Which one of the following is caused by a decrease in venous return to the heart:

A) a decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output

B) a decrease in stroke volume and an increase in cardiac output

C) an increase in stroke volume and cardiac output

D) an increase in stroke volume and a decrease in cardiac output

E) no change in stroke volume and cardiac output

A) a decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output

Which one is the correct sequence going from the outermost to the innermost layer of a blood vessel wall:

A) tunica media, tunica intima, tunica externa

B) tunica media, tunica externa, tunica intima

C) tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima

D) tunica externa, tunica intima, tunica media

E) tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa

C) tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima

Which of the following blood vessels is a direct branch of the ascending aorta:

A) right subclavian artery

B) carotid artery

C) right coronary artery

D) left coronary artery

E) both the right and left coronary arteries

E) both the right and left coronary arteries

Which one of the following does NOT receive blood directly from the aortic arch:

A) brachiocephalic artery

B) left subclavian artery

C) left common carotid artery

D) right common carotid artery

E) thoracic aorta

D) right common carotid artery

Which of the following arteries supplies the first half of the large intestine:

A) splenic artery

B) superior mesenteric artery

C) celiac artery

D) femoral artery

E) hepatic artery

B) superior mesenteric artery

Which of these pathways correctly traces blood as it travels from the aortic arch to the left arm:

A) aortic arch, brachiocephalic trunk, right common carotid artery

B) aortic arch, left common carotid artery, left internal carotid artery

C) aortic arch, left subclavian artery, left axillary artery, left brachial artery

D) ascending aorta, right coronary arteries

E) abdominal aorta, celiac trunk, left gastric artery

C) aortic arch, left subclavian artery, left axillary artery, left brachial artery

The external carotid artery serves the skin and muscles of the head and:

A) armpit

B) groin

C) neck

D) abdomen

E) leg

C) neck

Which of these veins returns blood to the superior vena cava:

A) brachiocephalic veins

B) renal veins

C) hepatic portal vein

D) common iliac veins

E) great saphenous veins

A) brachiocephalic veins

The right and left renal veins empty blood from the:

A) kidneys

B) common iliac vein

C) inferior vena cava

D) hepatic portal vein

E) vertebral vein

A) kidneys

The external iliac vein receives blood from all of the following EXCEPT:

A) anterior tibial vein

B) fibular vein

C) popliteal vein

D) femoral vein

E) vertebral vein

E) vertebral vein

The brachial vein:

A) drains blood from the radial and ulnar veins, then empties that blood into the axillary vein

B) drains blood from the internal jugular vein, then empties that blood into the superior vena cava

C) drains blood from the popliteal vein, then empties that blood into the external iliac vein

D) drains blood from the axillary vein, then empties that blood into the superior vena cava

E) drains blood from the popliteal vein, then empties that blood into the femoral vein

A) drains blood from the radial and ulnar veins, then empties that blood into the axillary vein

The umbilical vein carries:

A) metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the fetus to the placenta

B) metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the placenta to the fetus

C) oxygen and nutrients from the fetus to the placenta

D) oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus

E) blood from the navel into the inferior vena cava

D) oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus

Which fetal shunt bypasses the lungs by directly connecting the right atrium and the left atrium:

A) ligamentum arteriosum

B) umbilical vein

C) foramen ovale

D) ductus arteriosus

E) ductus venosus

C) foramen ovale

Which one of the following areas is NOT a pressure point:

A) renal artery

B) radial artery

C) facial artery

D) dorsalis pedis artery

E) posterior tibial artery

A) renal artery

Which of the following vessels has the lowest blood pressure:

A) veins

B) capillaries

C) venae cavae

D) arteries

E) arterioles

C) venae cavae

The friction blood encounters as it flows through the vessels is called:

A) cardiac output

B) stroke volume

C) peripheral resistance

D) blood pressure

E) diastolic pressure

C) peripheral resistance

Generalized vasoconstriction occurs as a result of:

A) an increase in parasympathetic nervous system firing

B) a decrease in parasympathetic nervous system firing

C) an increase in sympathetic nervous system firing

D) a decrease in sympathetic nervous system firing

E) an increase in blood pressure

C) an increase in sympathetic nervous system firing

Which of the following hormones promotes sodium ion reabsorption by the kidney in order to increase blood pressure and blood volume:

A) glucagon

B) thyroxine

C) epinephrine

D) aldosterone

E) antidiuretic hormone

D) aldosterone

Which of the following is NOT a method or pathway of movement for substances traveling across a capillary wall:

A) intercellular clefts

B) diffusion

C) endocytosis or exocytosis

D) tight junctions

E) fenestrated capillaries

D) tight junctions

Substances tend to leave the bloodstream at the arterial end of the capillary because:

A) the osmotic pressure of the blood is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

B) the osmotic pressure of the blood is higher at the venule end of the capillary

C) blood pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

D) blood pressure is higher at the venule end of the capillary

E) interstitial pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

C) blood pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

Coronary heart disease results from:

A) persistent parasympathetic nervous system stimulation of the heart

B) the accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels

C) temporary loss of oxygen to the heart

D) incompetent venous valves

E) scar tissue in the myocardium of the heart from repeated myocardial infarctions

B) the accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels