Hypertension & Antihypertensives

A collection of vocabulary flashcards based on key concepts from the lecture on hypertension and antihypertensives.

Hypertension

Elevated blood pressure that could be caused by an increase in cardiac output (CO) or systemic vascular resistance (SVR).

Primary Hypertension

Hypertension with an unknown cause.

Secondary Hypertension

Hypertension that is secondary to another underlying issue.

Normal BP Range

100-120/60-80 mmHg.

Stage 1 Hypertension

Blood pressure range of 130-139/80-89 mmHg.

Alpha 1 Receptors

Receptors located in blood vessel walls that cause vasoconstriction when stimulated.

Beta 1 Receptors

Receptors in heart tissue that cause an increased heart rate when stimulated.

ACE Inhibitors

Medication class such as Lisinopril that inhibits the action of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, reducing sodium and water retention, and vasoconstriction.

Diuretics

Medications like Hydrochlorothiazide that reduce fluid volume in the body to lower blood pressure.

Clonidine

An Alpha 2 Agonist that stimulates receptors in the CNS to maintain vasodilation.

Lisinopril

An ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and myocardial infarction, contraindicated in pregnancy.

Losartan

An Angiotensin Receptor Blocker that inhibits sodium and water retention, indicated for hypertension.

ADRs

Adverse drug reactions, such as dry cough and hyperkalemia for Lisinopril.

Diuretics Indications

Used primarily for the treatment of hypertension.

Prazosin

An Alpha 1 Blocker indicated for hypertension and Raynaud’s disease.