BIO LAB EXAM 2 (PART ONE)

skeletal system

The skeletal system consists of ___ bones and joints between them

206

The skeletal system is composed of which types of connective tissue

bone, cartilage

functions of the skeletal system

support, protection, movement

what does the skull protect

the brian

what does the ribcage protect

heart, lungs

what does the pelvis protect

abdominal organs

how does the skeleton enable movement

bone + joint = lever; muscles attached to bone contract to move lever

what is bone

living cells + nonliving substances between cells that are calcified

bone may be

compact, spongy

compact bone

hard and non-porous

spongy bone

very porous at ends

until birth, bones are primarily____and undergo _____(hardening)

cartilage, ossification

cartilage

flexible and contains no blood vessels

three types of cartilage

hyaline, fibrous, elastic

hyaline cartilage

most common type, cushions joints between bones

fibrous cartilage

intervertebral discs between vertebrae

elastic cartilage

flexible, ear lobe

differentiating male and female skeletons

size and weight, male bigger—pelvic bones are different, female wider for child bearing

skeletal development from baby to adult

(1) head becomes proportionally smaller (2) legs become longer than torso (3) spinal column develops two curves (4) fontanels close at 1-1/2 to 2 years (5) facial bones change