evolution pt 3

Allopatric Speciation

A type of speciation where a population is separated by a geographic barrier

Sympatric Speciation

A type of speciation where new species evolve from a common ancestor while living in the same area.

Pre-zygotic Mechanisms

Reproductive barriers that prevent fertilization such as behavioral differences or physical incompatibility.

Post-zygotic Mechanisms

Barriers that occur after fertilization

Adaptive Radiation

Rapid evolution of many species from a common ancestor to fill different ecological roles.

Divergent Evolution

When related species become more different over time

Convergent Evolution

When unrelated species evolve similar traits because they live in similar environments.

Parallel Evolution

Similar traits evolve independently in related species that were separated but faced similar environments.

Coevolution

Two or more species evolve in response to changes in each other

Punctuated Equilibrium

Theory that evolution happens in quick bursts followed by long periods of little change.

Gradualism

Theory that evolution occurs slowly and steadily over time.