APUSH Important Events

Bacon's Rebellion 1676

A rebellion lead by Nathaniel Bacon with backcountry farmers to attack Native Americans in an attemp to gain more land

Glorious Revolution in England 1688

The English overthrew King James II and replaced him with William and Mary

The Great Awakening 1730s and 1740s

This was a major religious revival in the colonies led by Jonathan Edwards.

King Philip's War 1675-1676

a conflict between New England conlonists and Native American Groups allied under leadership Wampanoag cheif Metacom

Pequot War 1634-1638

The Bay colonists wanted to claim Connecticut for themselves but it belonged to the Pequot. The colonists burned down their village and 400 were killed.

Salem witchcraft trials 1692

trials in Salem Massachusetts that led to the deaths of twenty people after young girls charged people with practicing witchcraft.

The "Starving Time" 1609-1610

Settlers in Jamestown weren't used to working so that they could eat and so they began to starve. Some resorted to canibilism and others joined nearby tribes.

Stono Uprising 1739

The first and most successful slave rebellion. It took place 70 years after slavery began in America

Annapolis Convention 1786

A convention held to consider problems of trade and navigation, attended by five states and important because it issued the call to Congress and the states for what became the Constitutional Convention

Antietam 1862

the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with almost 23,000 casualties. After this "win" for the North, Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation

Atlanta Exposition/Compromise 1895

the speech given by Booker T. Washington at the Atlanta Cotton Expo was known as this compromise; his major philosophy in this was accommodation, not integration; he felt that blacks needed to strive to be totally successful and yet totally separate from the white community

Battle of New Orleans 1815

battle between american and british troops for control of New Orleans, ending in an american victory

Boston Massacre 1770

The first bloodshed of the Amercan Revolution, as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five americans

Boston Tea Party 1773

demonstration by citizens of Boston who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped hundreds of chests of tea into the harbor

Boxer rebellion 1899-1901

A violent anti-foreign and anti-christian rebellion of traditionalist Chinese people who wanted to throw the foreigners out

Chesapeake Affair 1807

British warship fired on US warship off Virginia's coast, killing three Americans; resulted in high anti-British sentiment

Compromise of 1877

Ended Reconstruction. Republicans promise 1) Remove military from South, 2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general), 3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river

Constitutional Convention of 1787

Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation, but ultimately decided to write the Constitution as a replacement.

Credit Mobilier Scandal 1867

1872 illegal manipulation of contracts by a construction and finance company associated with the building of the Union Pacific Railroad

"Cross of Gold" Speech 1896

An impassioned address by William Jennings Bryan at the _ _ _ _ Democratic Convention, in which he attacked the "gold bugs" who insisted that U.S. currency be backed only with gold.

"Era of Good Feelings" 1815-1825

a newspaper term used to describe the two terms of President James Monroe. during this period, there was only one major political party, the democratic-republicans; it was therefore assumed that political discord had evaporated.

Federalist Papers 1788

a series of 85 essays written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay (using the name "publius") published in NY newspapers and used to convice readers to adopt the new constitution

Filipino Insurrection 1899-1902

Emilio Aguinaldo led a Filipino movement for independence in 1896, and wrote constitution when Spain surrendered. When US received Philippines, they tried to fight again, but quickly gave up.

French and Indian War 1754-1763

a war in North America between France and Britain (both aided by indian tribes)

German and Irish immigration 1840s-1850s

Wave of German/Irish immigration that was met with wave of resentment due to competition for jobs. Irish especially, for Catholicism.

Gold Rush in California 1848-1855

A movement of many people to a region in which gold has been discovered. Around 34,000 people moved to San Francisco. Many different ethnic groups, including Asians, moved to California.

Great Migration 1916-1970

movement of over 6 million African American from the rural south into Northern cities (300,000 before the end of the decade).

Hartford Convention 1814-1815

Series of meetings by Federalists dissatisfied with the war of 1812 to draft a new Constitution; resulted in seemingly traitorous Federalist party's collapse

Haymarket Bombings 1886

A demonstration of striking labourers in Chicago that turned violent, killing a dozen people and injuring over a hundred.

Homestead Strike 1892

It was one of the most violent strikes in U.S. history. It was against the ___________ Steel Works, which was part of the Carnegie Steel Company, in Pennsylvania in retaliation against wage cuts. The riot was ultimately put down by Pinkerton Police and the state militia, and the violence further damaged the image of unions.

Indian Removal Act 1830

Passed by Congress under the Jackson administration, this act removed all Indians east of the Mississippi to an "Indian Territory" where they would be "permanently" housed.

King George's War 1740-1748

Disputes over British trading rights in the Spanish colonies produced a conflict between England and Spain. This conflict soon grew into a greater, much larger European war. The English colonists in America were soon brought into this. In this period they engaged in a series of conflicts with the French. The war was finally ended with a peace treaty.

Lincoln-Douglas Debates 1858

Senate Debate, Lincoln forced Douglas to debate issue of slavery, Douglas supported pop-sovereignty, Lincoln asserted that slavery should not spread to territories, Lincoln emerged as strong Republican candidate

Maysville Road Veto

A veto by Jackson that prevented the Maysville road from being funded by federal money since it only benefited Kentucky. This was a blow to Clay's American System, and it irritated the West.

Mexican-American War

after Mexican refusal to sell California-New Mexico region, Polk sent troops and it ended w/ Treat of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

Pullman Strike

in Chicago, Pullman cut wages but refused to lower rents in the "company town", Eugene Debs had American Railway Union refuse to use Pullman cars, Debs thrown in jail after being sued, strike achieved nothing

Reform Movements

Work to change society for the better. Focused on improving conditions for the poor, enslaved, imprisoned, women, and disabled.

Second Great Awakening

A series of religious revivals starting in 1801, based on Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through good deeds and tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and Native Americans.

Seneca Falls Convention

Kicked off the equal-rights-for-women campaign led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony (1848)

Seward Purchase of Alaska

Secretary of State William Seward signed a treaty with Russia giving Alaska to the United States for $7.2 million (1867).

Shay's Rebellion

was led by Daniel Shays it was a protest against the land being taken away and the taxes that they had just worked so hard to get rid of

Sherman's march through Georgia

Sherman decided to send a blocking force under George H. Thomas to stop Confederate moves northward. Breaking his lines of communication, he would fan out his army and set off for Savannah, Georgia, on a giant raid that became known as the march to the sea, carving a wide swath through the Georgia countryside on his way.

Sioux Wars

lasted from 1876-1877 b/t Sioux Indians and white men; led by Sitting Bull; American Officer -Custer killed at the battle at Little Bighorn. Indians defeated by U.S.

South Carolina Exposition and Protest

In 1828 Calhoun anonymously wrote this widely circulated book which he spelled out his argument that the tariff of 1828 was unconstitutional and that aggrieved states therefore had the right to nullify the law within their borders.

South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification 1832

Vice-President Calhoun anonymously published this essay, which proposed that each state in the union counter the tyranny of the majority by asserting the right to nullify an unconstitutional act of Congress. It was written in reaction to the Tariff of 1828, which he said placed the Union in danger and stripped the South of its rights. South Carolina had threatened to secede if the tariff was not revoked; Calhoun suggested state nullification as a more peaceful solution. It began the Nullification Crisis.

Spanish-American War

War fought between the US and Spain in Cuba and the Philippines. It lasted less than 3 months and resulted in Cuba's independence as well as the US annexing Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

Stamp Act Crisis

Tax on stamps and printed materials in colonies to pay for keeping troops there and paying off war debts angered many colonists because of taxation without representation and led to protesting and violence; often by the Sons of Liberty.

Swing Around the Circle

speaking campaign of US President Andrew Johnson in which he tried to gain support of his mild Reconstruction policies

Trail of Tears

The tragic journey of the cherokee people from their home land to indian territory between 1838 and 1839, thousands of cherokees died.

Tripoli War / First Barbary War 1801-1805

war with a Barbary state concerning America's refusal to pay a fee to pass through the Mediterranean

U.S.S. Maine

Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish-American War

Uncle Tom's Cabin 1853

Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe that highly influenced england's view on the American Deep South and slavery. a novel promoting abolition. intensified sectional conflict.

undeclared naval war with France

Late 1790s - Beginning in 1794, the French had began seizing American vessels in retaliation for Jay's Treaty, so Congress responded by ordering the navy to attack any French ships on the American coast. The conflict became especially violent after the X,Y, Z Affair. A peace convention in 1800 with the newly installed dictator, Napoleon, ended the conflict.

Union Pacific and Central Pacific joined/transcontinental line

Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines met at Ogden, Utah, creating the first transcontinental railroad line.

Whiskey Rebellion

In 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey, and several federal officers were killed in the riots caused by their attempts to serve arrest warrants on the offenders. In October, 1794, the army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion. The incident showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem, in contrast to the inability of the government under the Articles of Confederation to deal with Shay's Rebellion.

Whiskey Ring Scandal

Before they were caught, a group of mostly Republican politicians were able to siphon off millions of dollars in federal taxes on liquor; the scheme involved an extensive network of bribes involving tax collectors, storekeepers, and others.

XYZ Affair

An insult to the American delegation when they were supposed to be meeting French foreign minister, Talleyrand, but instead they were sent 3 officials Adams called "X,Y, and Z" that demanded $250,000 as a bribe to see Talleyrand.

Army-McCarthy Hearings

a series of hearings where Senator McCarthy accused people in the US military of being communists

Berlin Blockade and Airlift

Stalin's attempt to block access to Berlin. Truman sent a huge airlift to Berlin with food, fuel, and equipment to stock the City with supplies.

Bonus Expeditionary Force

thousands of WWI veterans, who insisted on immediate payment of their bonus certificates, they marched on Washington in 1932, violence ensured when President Hoover ordered their ten villages cleared

Cold War

A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted eachother on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years.

Court Packing

Where FDR tried to add more members to the Supreme Court to pass his programs.

Cuban Missile Crisis

the 1962 confrontation bewteen US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba

D-Day

June 6, 1944 - Led by Eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at Normandy and began the process of re-taking France. The turning point of World War II.

Democratic National Convention, Chicago

1968 -- big mess for the Democrats; anti-war activists clashed with police on TV; Dems adopt a hawkish platform but look disorganized

Fall of Saigon

late in April 1975, communist forces marched into Saigon, shortly after officials of the Thieu regime and the staff of the American embassy had fled the country in humiliating disarray. The forces quickly occupied the capital, renamed it Ho Chi Minh City and began he process of uniting Vietnam under Hanoi.

Geneva Conference (1954)

Peace conference between France and Ho Chi Minh. France wanted Ho Chi Minh to stop attack French troops and Ho Chi Minh wanted the troops gone.

Iran Hostage Crisis

In November 1979, revolutionaries stormed the American embassy in Tehran and held 52 Americans hostage. The Carter administration tried unsuccessfully to negotiate for the hostages release. On January 20, 1981, the day Carter left office, Iran released the Americans, ending their 444 days in captivity.

Iran-Contra Affair

scandal including arms sales to the Middle East in order to send money to help the Contras in Nicaragua even though Congress had objected

Japanese American internment

forced movement of Japanese Americans into camps during WWII

The Jazz Singer

1927 - The first movie with sound; this "talkie" was about the life of famous jazz singer; Al Jolson.

Korean War 1950-1953

The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea.

Lusitania

American boat that was sunk by the German U-boats; made America consider entering WWI

March on Washington

held in 1963 to show support for the Civil Rights Bill in Congress. Martin Luther King gave his famous "I have a dream..." speech. 250,000 people attended the rally

Montgomery bus boycott

In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses.

My Lai Massacre 1968

In which American troops had brutally massacred innocent women and children in the village of My Lai, also led to more opposition to the war.

Nixon resigns

1974 because he was facing impeachment, first and only resignation. resulted from political scandal in Democratic National Committee. also tried many of his administrators.

Operation Desert Storm

Military operations that started on January 16, 1991, with a bombing campaign, followed by a ground invasion of February 23 and 24, 1991. The ground war lasted 100 hours and resulted in a spectacularly one-sided military victory for the Coalition.

Paris peace talks

Negotiations between the US and the North Vietnam, beginning in 1968. Failed to produce an agreement

Pentagon Papers

secret government documents published In 1971; revealed that the u.s. government had misled americans about the vietnam war.

Persian Gulf War

a war fought between a coalition led by the United States and Iraq to free Kuwait from Iraqi invaders

Russo-Japanese War

Russia and Japan were fighting over Korea, Manchuria, etc. Began in 1904, but neither side could gain a clear advantage and win. Both sent reps to Portsmouth, NH where TR mediated Treaty of New Hampshire in 1905. TR won the nobel peace prize for his efforts, the 1st pres. to do so.

Saturday Night Massacre

dismissal of independent special prosecutor Archibald Cox, and the resignations of Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus during the Watergate scandal 1973

Scopes Monkey Trial

1925, the trial that pitted the teaching of Darwin's theory of evolution against teaching Bible creationism

Sputnik

First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race.

Stock market crash 1929

Another leading component to the start of the Great Depression. The stock became very popular in the 1920's, then in 1929 in took a steep downturn and many lost their money and hope they had put in to the stock.

Stonewall Riots 1969

- New York city - Triggered activist protests among gays and lesbians - police raided gay bar - people fought back - became symbol of oppression of gays, began the gay pride movement

Tet offensive

1968; National Liberation Front and North Vietnamese forces launched a huge attack on the Vietnamese New Year (Tet), which was defeated after a month of fighting and many thousands of casualties; major defeat for communism, but Americans reacted sharply, with declining approval of LBJ and more anti-war sentiment

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire

was one of the largest industrial disasters in the history of the city of New York, causing the death of 146 garment workers, most of them women

Watts Riots

1964 riots which started in an African-American ghetoo of Los Angeles and left 30 dead and 1,000 wounded. Riots lasted a week, and spurred hundreds more around the country.

World War One 1914-1918

A war fought between the Allies, notably Britain, France, Russia, and Italy (which entered in 1915), and the Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.

World War Two 1939-1945

A war fought between the Axis powers — Germany, Italy, and Japan — and the Allies, including France and Britain, and later the Soviet Union and the United States.