ancient greece and rome

Monarchy

a form of government ruled by a single person, usually a king or queen who often inherits power

Aristocracy

a government ruled by a small group of wealthy or noble citizens

Tyranny

ruled by one person who was taken power illegally or unjustly

Democracy

a system of government in which citizens participate directly in making laws or choose representatives

Oligarchy

a government controlled by a small group of powerful people

Athens ( A intelligence)

a major greek city state known for developing democracy, emphasizing education, philospohy, and the arts

Sparta (spear)

a major greek city state focused on military strength, and was ruled by an oligarchy with two kings

Alexander the great

king of macedonia, and conquered a BUNCH of land, spreading greek culture

Patricians

wealthy powerful roman families who originally held most political power

Plebians

common roman citizens who had fewers rights at first including farmers and merchants

roman republic

the period of roman government where citizens elected representatives instead of being ruled by a king

first triumvirate

a informal political alliance between Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus to control roman politics

Julius Caesar

a roman general and leader who expanded romes territory and became dictator leading to the end of the republic

second triumvirate

a formal alliance between Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus after Caesars death

Octavian / augustus Caesar

caesars adopted heir who became romes first emperor, marking the start of the empire

roman empire

the period after the republic when rome was ruled by emperors, beginning with augustus and explaing to control must of the world