Lab 2 microscopy and surveying eukaryotic microbes

Microscopy care

• Store microscope

• All lenses cleaned before and after use

• Low power lens is in place

• Dust cover on

• Electric cord stored separate

• Right location

Cleaning

Only use lens paper to remove oil/debris

Can use small drop on lens paper of ethanol from staining kits

Resolution

clarity of the image

ability to distinguish between 2 adjacent objects clearly

How are you able to see an image through the microscope?

Light transmits through the specimen on the stage and moves through a series of lenses so you can see the image

Eye pieces (ocular)

provides magnification (2)

10x mag

housed on binocular viewing tube

Revolving nosepiece

house 4 objective lenses

primary source of magnification

Mechanical stage

specimen holder

X-Y movement knob (X left right) (Y up down)

Magnification/Total

Ouclar/eye piece = 10x

Objective lens

Scanning power = 4x (red band)

Low power = 10x (yellow band)

High dry power = 40x (blue band)

Oil immersion = 100x (black band)

Field of view

maximum area visible when looking through the microscope eyepiece

Calculating field of view

Measure diameter

calculate diameter (scanning) x TMAG(scanning)/TMAG(low power)

Protist: Protozoa

animal like

singled celled

cell membrane (w/pellicle)

Vacuoles

form cyst

differ in locomotion

• Pseudopodia

• Flagella

• Cillia

  • locomotion and feeding

Protists: Flagellated Algae

Contains choroplasts

some unicellular

euglenoids-have stigma

some colonial

all flagella

pellicles (flexible)

Protists: Filamentous Algae

Spirogyra sprial arrangement

Protists: non-filamentous and non-flagellated

desmids-cells consist of 2 similar halves separated by a constriction

Protists: Diatoms (algae)

Unique-have cell walls of pectin, cellulose, or silicon dioxide constructed in 2 halves

Diatomaceous earth (polishing compound)

Cyanobacteria: Blue green algae

Photosynthetic prokaryotes

often responsible for disagreeable tastes, colors and odors in water

Look large but are cells stacked together in masses

Animals: Microscopic invertebrates

Multicellular, with organ systems

Hydras, flatworms, round worms

Water bears

Water fleas

Copepods like

Fungi Facts

Eukaryotic organisms

decomposers

Cell walls contain Chitin

Most are multicellular made up of hyphae

• Collections called mycelium

Some unicellular: ex yeast

Asexual and Sexual

Classified by: Hyphae structure and spore type

Zygomycota

Called Zygote Fungi

Produce asexual and sexual spores

Ex: Rhizopus spp

Sporangiophore houses the sporangium where sporangiospores (asexual spores) produced

Zygosporangia in sexual reproduction (zygospores)

Aspergillus spp. (ascomycota)

Black mold

skin infections in burns

lung infection aspergillosis

Conidiophore produces conidia

Penicillium spp. (ascomycota)

Brush like heads

Conidiophore produces conidia

Budding Yeast (ascomycota)

Saccharomyces cerevisine

Candida