HESI Anatomy and Physiology (Printed)

What mineral is responsible for muscle contractoins?

A. Chlorde

B. Sodium

C. Calcium

D. Magnesium

D. Calcium

The answer is calcium because in order for muscle contractions to occur, calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum which binds to the inhibitory protein, troponin, causing it to move away from the myosin binding spots on actin. Once the binding spots are open, the myosin head can attach to the ATP binding site and cause the muscle contraction cycle.

In which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?

A. Thoracic Cavity

B. Mediastinum

C. Abdominal Cavity

D. Pelvic Cavity

D. Pelvic Cavity

The answer is pelvic cavity because this part of the body contains primarily reproductive organs: urinary bladder, pelvic colon, and rectum.

Thoracic cavity contains the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and digestive system.

The mediastinum contains all the chest organs except the lungs.

What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

A. Diaphragm

B. Mediastinum

C. Liver

D. Lungs

A. Diaphragm

The diaphgram is the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity. This also assists in respiration.

Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function?

A. Simple squamous epithelium - secretion or absorption

B. Stratified squamous epithelium - changes shape when stretched

C. Stratified squamous epithelium - diffusion

D. Simple columnar epithelium - secretion or absorption

D. Simple columnar epithelium - secretion or absorption

The answer is simple columnar epithelium. Simple columnar epithelium specializes in secretion and absorption. It secretes mucus from it's goblet cells and absorbs with it's microvilli on the apical surface.

Simple squamous epithelium is a cell that has a thin and flat surface. Simple squamous epithelium specializes in filtration or diffusion due to it's thin surface.

Stratified squamous epithelium is squamous epithelium that are stacked upon each other many times. The function of this type of cell is to withstand abrasion with it's many layers and is the first line of defense against microbes.

Transitional epithelium is a type of tissue that can stretch and maintain protective lining while capable of holding fluid without rupturing. You can mostly find these in urinary organs like the urinary bladder.

A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on internal surface of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this?

A. Epithelial

B. Connective

C. Muscle

D. Cartilage

E. Nervous

A. Epithelial

The answer is epithelial because epithelial tissue are avascular and possess no extracellular matrix. Tall and thin refers to the nonciliated simple columnar epithelium type of tissue that lines the gastrointestinal tract (stomach to anus) and secretes mucus to prevent the destruction of the stomach lining by acidic secretions from the stomach.

Connective tissues have cells, extracellular matrix, and are highly vascularized.

Muscle tissues contain fibers that help mantain posture, provide motion, and produce heat.

Cartilage tissue contains no blood supply and no nerves.

Nervous tissue contain two types of cells: neurons and neuroglia.

Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following?

A. Osteoblasts

B. Neuroglia

C. Osteocytes

D. Arterioles

B. Neuroglia

The answer is neuroglia because nervous tissue are composed of neurons and neuroglia. The function of neurons is to carry sensory and motor information and perform integrative functions. The function of neuroglia is to protect and support neurons.

Osteoblasts are cells within bones that are bone-building cells that secrete extracellular matrix.

Osteocytes are primary cells of bone tissue that maintain it's daily metabolism such as exchange of nutrients and wastes in blood.

Arterioles are smaller versions of arteries.

Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs?

A. Epithelial

B. Connective

C. Nervous

D. Muscle

B. Connective

The bone from the connective tissue support and serves as the framework of the body.

Epithelial tissue are tissues that make up the skin and serves as the first line of defense for the tissue underneath the skin. It does this by providing protection from radiation, invasion of pathogens and physical trauma.

Nervous tissue reacts to stimuli and conducts impulses to various organs in the body which bring about a response to the stimuli.

Muscle tissue provides the body posture and support, movement, and heat production.

What is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs?

A. Atom

B. Organelle

C. Cell

D. DNA

C. Cell

Cells are the building blocks of life that reside in all living things.

Atoms are the smallest unit of matter that retain the properties of it's given element.

Organelles are tiny organs within each cell that has a specific purpose and function. For example, nucleas, lysosomes, and vacuoles are organelles of a cell.

DNA is the carrier of genetic information.

Which type of cell division takes place in the gonads?

A. Mitosis

B. Meiosis

C. Binary fission

D. Asexual division

B. Meiosis

In what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum?

A. Back of the hand

B. Heel of the foot

C. Abdomen

D. Over the shin

D. Heel of the foot

The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis that is comprised of dead keratinocytes. This layer takes the most amount of abrasion from outside forces and the heel of the foot is something that is constantly taking physical force from constant walking. The heel of the foot needs a thick stratum corneum to counteract the continuous wear and tear.

What are the glands of skin that produce a thing, watery secretion?

A. Sebaceous glands

B. Eccrine glands

C. Apocrine glands

D. Endocrine glands

B. Eccrine glands

Eccrine gland are the most common sweat glands.

Sebaceous glands are connected to hair follicles and secretes sebum (oil).

Apocrine sweat glands are usually located on hairy skin and secretes sweat that is milky and provides 'body odor'.

Endocrine glands belong to the endocrine system and secretes their products into the bloodstream rather than on the surface.

Skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body by participating in the production of which of the following?

A. Sebum

B. Keratin

C. Vitamin A

D. Vitamin D

D. Vitamin D

Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system?

A. Support the body

B. Hemopoiesis

C. Conduct impulses

D. Provide protection

A. Support the body

B. Hemopoiesis

D. Provide protection

The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What is he describing?

A. Epiphysis

B. Articular cartilage

C. Perichondrium

D. Diaphysis

D. Diaphysis

You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needlelike structures. What is the tissue?

A. Spongy bone

B. Compact Bone

C. Cartilage

D. Adipose

A. Spongy Bone

Which of the following bones is the only moveable bone of the skull?

A. Maxilla

B. Zygomatic

C. Lacrimal

D. Mandible

D. Mandible

Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the body?

A. Chloride

B. Sodium

C. Calcium

D. Magnesium

B. Sodium

Sodium is responsible for regulating fluid in the body because it plays on aldosterone. Aldosterone balances sodium and fluid balances in the body. If sodium levels are low within the body, aldosterone is released to increase sodium reabsorption within the kidneys into the blood and sodium from sweat back into the blood. If there is a lack of aldosterone, ADH will increase to conserve water to decrease osmolarity.

Why are skeletal muscles also called voluntary muscles?

A. They are under conscious control

B. They are attached to the skeleton

C. They use ATP to energize contraction

D. They are striated in appearance.

A. they are under conscious control

All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following?

A. Neuroglia

B. Efferent pathways

C. Afferent pathways

D. Neurons

D. Neurons

Motor or _____ neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the CNS.

A. Afferent

B. Efferent

C. Central

D. Peripheral

B. Efferent

Jeffery has contracted bulbar poliomyelitis, and it has affected the medulla oblongata. The doctors warned the family that his condition is grave and death may be imminent. What functions of the medulla oblongata have warranted such a dire prognosis?

A. The medulla oblongata contains vital centers that control heart action, blood vessel diameter, and respiration.

B. The medulla oblongata contains neural connections of the reticular-activating system.

C. The medulla oblongata contains the pineal gland, which controls the vital center.

D. The medulla oblongata contains the corpora quadrigemina, which controls the neural transmission of impulses along the spinal cord.

A. The medulla oblongata contains vital centers that control heart action, blood vessel diameter, and respiration.

What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of specific target cells called?

A. Hormones

B. Neurons

C. Glands

D. Second messengers

A. Hormones

Which of the following are tropic hormones?

A. Somatotropin

B. Follicle-stimulating hormone

C. Antidiuretic hormone

D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone

A. Somatotropin

B. Follicle-stimulating hormone

D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone

A tropic hormone are hormones that have other endocrine glands as targets.

In this case, somatotropin (or human growth hormone), stimulates various organs to promote protein synthesis, repair, and growth.

Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates the gonads in both woman and men. In women, FSH initiates the development of oocytes and induces ovarian secretion. In men, FSH stimulates testes to produce sperm.

Thyroid stimulating hormone stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid glands.

The answer isn't antidiuretic hormone because this hormone isn't directly affecting any glands. It is just released to reduce urine output.

Which leukocytes are correctly matched with their function or description?

A. Monocytes - becomes macrophages

B. Basophils - the most common type of WBC

C. Lymphocytes - important in immune response

D. Neutrophils - phagocytize microorganisms

A. Monocytes

C. Lymphocytes

D. Neutrophils

The heart has an intrinsic beat that is initiated by which of the following?

A. Semilunar valve

B. Bicuspid valve

C. Tricuspid valve

D. Sinoatrial node

D. Sinoatrial node

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction result from which of the following?

A. Contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall

B. Relaxation of smooth muscle in the arterial wall

C. Relaxation and contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall

D. Contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the venous wall

C. Relaxation and contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall

Which of the following is the blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood and the cells of the body?

A. Artery

B. Vein

C. Capillary

D. Arteriole

C. Capillary

What is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli called?

A. External respiration

B. Internal respiration

C. Inhalation

D. Cellular respiration

A. External respiration

In order for inhalation to occur, what must happen?

A. Contraction of the diaphragm, which decreases the volume of the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs

B. Contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs

C. Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles contract, and the thorax decreases in size

D. Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles relax, and the thorax decreases in size

B. Contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood does which of the following?

A. It is carried in solution or bound to blood proteins

B. It is carried on hemoglobin

C. It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhyhdrase within red blood cells

D. It is converted by bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within the plasma

C. It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within red blood cells

How does the trachea remain open like a hallow tube?

A. Air pressure inside keeps it open.

B. Supporting cartilaginous rings keep it open

C. It is reinforced with bone that cannot collapse

D. Special muscle are working to keep the trachea open

B. Supporting cartilaginous rings keep it open

The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy substance called which of the following?

A. Bolus

B. Bile

C. Chyme

D. Feces

C. Chyme

What is the function of aldosterone?

A. It converts proinsulin to insulin

B. It conserves sodium in the body

C. It protects against stress

D. It affects heat production

B. It conserves sodium in the body

All the nutrients that enter the the hepatic portal vein are routed where for decontamination?

A. Kidney

B. Pancreas

C. Spleen

D. Liver

D. Liver

Which are the functional units of the kidney?

A. Ureters

B. Glomeruli

C. Nephrons

D. Renal capsules

C. Nephrons

What are the two functions of the male and female sex organs?

A. Production of all cells and production of hormones

B. Production of interstitial cells and production of hormones

C. Production of gametes and production of hormones

D. Production of gametes and production of interstitial cells

A. Production of all cells and production of hormones

In men, spermatozoa develop within the ______ of each testis.

A. Seminiferous tubules

B. Vas deferens

C. Ejaculatory ducts

D. Bulbourethral glands

A. Seminiferous tubules

Testicular activity is under the control of which hormones?

A. FSH

B. LH

C. GH

D. Both FSH and LH

D. Both FSH and LH

Which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy?

A. FSH

B. Estrogen

C. LH

D. Progesterone

B. Estrogen

During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the endometrium and prepares the breasts for milk production?

A. Placenta

B. Uterus

C. Cervix

D. Corpus luteum

A. Placenta

The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What is he describing?

A. Epiphysis

B. Articular cartilage

C. Perichondrium

D. Diaphysis

D. Diaphysis

Which is an anterior muscle?

A. Gluteus maximus

B. Quadriceps femoris

C. Biceps femoris

D. Adductor magnus

B. Quadricips femoris

How might the headrest on a car prevent traumatic injury?

A. By limiting hyperflexion of the neck

B. By limiting hyperextension of the neck

C. By reducing vertebral compression

D. By preventing disc degeneration

B. By limiting hyperextension

Which might you expect to see in a whiplash injury?

A. Cardiopulmonary problems

B. Side-to-side spinal curvature

C. Eventual herniation of discs

D. Traumatic injury to ligaments

D. Traumatic injury to ligaments

Muscle contractions that normally move food along the human digestive system are known as...

Peristalsis

Which type of nutrient does not provide the body with energy?

A. Vitamin

B. Carbohydrate

C. Fat

D. Protein

A. Vitamin

Where would you be likely to find a Schwann cell?

A. in the digestive system

B. In the nervous system

C. In the skeletal system

D. In the muscular system

B. In the nervous system

How does the nervous system work with the muscular system?

A. The muscles of the body produce chemicals that feed the nerves

B. The nervous system tells the muscles how to respond to the environment

C. The nervous ysstem releases chemicals that remove excess waste from the muscles

D. The muscular system provides input that allows the nerves to make decisions

B. The nervous system tells the muscle how to respond to the environment

Which part of the nervous system includes the femoral, radial, and ulnar nerves?

A. Somatic

B. Autonomic

C. Sympathetic

D. Parasympathetic

A. Somatic

Where might a herniated lumbar disc be most likely to create pain?

A. Along the radial nerve

B. Within the spinal cord

C. Along the sciatic nerve

D. Along the tibial nerve

C. Along the sciatic nerve

What is the name of the bone in the human thigh?

A. Ulna

B. Femur

C. Radius

D. Humerus

B. Femur

The ovaries are part of the...

Reproductive system

Of the following processes, which one is a different level of defense from the others?

A. A low pH in the stomach

B. Cilia present in the trachea

C. Body cells recognizing a pathogen

D. Mucus present in the nasal cavity

C. Body cells recognizing a pathogen

Which organ system is primarily responsible for regulating muscle growth?

A. The Skeletal system

B. The endocrine system

C. The nervous system

D. The reproductive system

B. The endocrine system

Which parts of the heart are separated by the mitral valve?

A. Left atrium and right atrium

B. Right atrium and right ventricle

C. Left ventricle and right ventricle

D. Left atrium and left ventricle

D. Left atrium and left ventricle

How might vitamin D deficiency present?

A. As bleeding gums

B. As swollen extremities

D. As red patches

D. As crooked bones

D. as crooked bones

How does the lymphatic system work with the circulatory system?

A. The circulatory system produces red blood cells for the lymphatic system

B. Lymph draws excess fluid from the cells and deposits it into the blood vessels

C. The heart regulates the production of lymph in the lymph glands

D. White blood cells from the lymphatic system eliminate excess red blood cells

B. Lymph draws excess fluid from the cells and deposits it into the blood vessels

What is the function of parathyroid hormone?

A. Increasing energy levels

B. Stimulating cell reproduction

C. Speeding up metabolism

D. Activating vitamin D

D. Activating vitamin D

Which feature of the ear is most medial?

A. Pinna

B. Tympanic membrane

C. Cochlea

D. Outer canal

C. Cochlea

Which of the following are considered normal values for the measure of a person's pulse and blood pressure?

A. 55 beats per minute and 75 over 60 mm Hg

B. 72 beats per minute and 120 over 80 mm Hg

C. 100 beats per minute and 140 over 100 mm Hg

D. 160 beats per minute and 100 over 70 mm Hg

B. 72 beats per minute and 120 over 80 mm Hg

How does a sagittal section divide the body?

A. Into right and left regions

B. Into upper and lower regions

C. Into front and back regions

D. Between the dorsal and ventral cavities

A. into left and right regions

How is pepsin used by the body?

A. To break down proteins

B. To break down starches

C. To emulsify fats and oils

D. To absorb water and nutrients

A. To break down proteins

The esophagus is part of the

A. Endocrine system

B. Digestive system

C. Respiratory system

D. Nervous system

B. Digestive system

Esophagus is part o the digestive system.

Eppligotis is part of the respiratory system.

Which mineral supports the function of the thyroid?

A. Manganese

B. Iodine

C. Phosphorus

D. Zinc

B. Iodine

The cheekbones are ___ to the nose

A. Anterior

B. Proximal

C. Deep

D. Lateral

D. Lateral

Which organ system is primarily responsible for generating antibodies?

A. The endocrine system

B. The digestive system

C. The lymphatic system

D. The nervous system

C. The lymphatic system

Which is an anterior muscle?

A. Glutetus maximus

B. Quadriceps femoris

C. Biceps femoris

D. Adductor magnus

B. Quadriceps femoris

The answer is B because the femoris is your thigh bone, which is on the front of the body. Every other answer is on the back of the body,

The lateral side of the right knee would be _____?

A. the kneecap

B. Closest to the left knee

C. Farthest from the left knee

D. on the underside of the knee

C. Farthest from the left knee

Lateral is further away from the midline so the lateral side of the right knee would be furthest from the left knee.

In which of the lungs do nearly all the gaseous exchanges between air and blood take place?

A. Pleura

B. Trachea

C. Bronchioles

D. Alveoli

D. Alveoli

Alveoli are the little air sacs within the lungs where carbon dioxide and oxygen exchange occurs.

The pleura consists of two pleura membranes: visceral and parietal pleura. The visceral pleura envelops the lungs and the parietal pleura covers the inner walls of the chest. Between these two membranes there is a thin fluid which acts as a lubrication.

Bronchioles is a smaller branch of bronchi that helps conduct air through the lungs.

Trachea is the beginning of the pathway of air for the respiratory system.

* Conducting zone: nose and pharynx

* Respiratory zone: larynx -> trachea -> bronchi -> lungs

How do the intercostal muscles between the ribs assist with respiration?

A. By protecting the delicate bronchioles and alveoli

B. By signaling a decrease in intra-alveolar pressure

C. By enlarging and reducing the space in the thorax

D. By maintaining a medial separation between the pleurae

C. By enlarging and reducing the space in the thorax

The intercostal muscles in the ribs help enlarge and decrease the space within the thorax when inhaling and expelling air.

In which organ do muscles push food into the stomach via peristalsis?

A. Mouth

B. Small intestine

C. Epiglottis

D. Esophagus

D. Esophagus

For the average person, what is true about caloric intake?

A. It should increase with age after 25

B. It should decline with age after age 25

C. It should remain constant over a lifetime

D. It should decline and then increase with age

B. It should decline with age after 25

The corpus callosum facilitates communication between

A. The left and right brain

B. The skeletal and neural systems

C. The brain and spinal cord

D. The thalamus and hypothalamus

A. The left and right brain

The corpus callosum is a broad band of nerve fibers that join the two hemispheres of the brain.

*The corpus callosum is in the shape of a C, which is right in the middle of the right and left lobes.

How does the integumentary system work with the nervous system?

A. The integumentary system removes heat from the neurons in the nervous system.

B. The nervous system circulates nutrients outward to the integumentary system.

C. Touch input via the integumentary system sends messages to the nervous system.

D. Messages from the nervous system affect the color and texture of the skin.

C. Touch input via the integumentary systme sends messages to the nervous system.

Various touch receptors on the surface of the skin, hair, and nails sends information to the nervous system where it is processed for response.

When the pulmonary valve and aortic valves are open, where can blood flow?

A. Between the two ventricles of the heart

A. From atrium to ventricle within the heart

C. Between the heart and the rest of the body

D. Between the atria of the heart

C. Between the heart and the rest of the body.

The pulmonary valve sends deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary capillaries within the lungs to get oxygenated and the aortic valve sends oxygenated blood from the aorta to the systemic capillaries, the rest of the body.

Which might be a result of stenosis, or narrowing of heart valve?

A. Abdominal pain

B. Blood Clots

C. Edema (swelling in organs)

D. Irregular heartbeat

D. Irregular heartbeat

Narrowing of a heart valve means that blood is traveling slower out of the heart which can lead to edema, chest pain, pain in the legs, or irregular heart beat.

The human skull contains about how many bones?

A. About 5

B. About 30

C. About 60

D. About 210

B. About 30

Infants start off with 44 but it is slowly molded and joined together to make 30.

The arteries are part of the ____

A. Nervous System

B. Endocrine system

C. Lymphatic system

D. Cardiovascular System

D. Cardiovascular system

Which is a secondary defense for the body against pathogens?

A. Tears

B. Urine

C. Inflammation

D. Mucus

C. Inflammation

Which organ system is primarily responsible for storing minerals?

A. Skeletal

B. Endocrine

C. Lymphatic

D. Cardiovascular

A. Skeletal

The vena cavae drain blood from the body into the ___

A. Right atrium

B. Right ventricle

C. Left atrium

D. Left ventricle

A. Right atrium

Beriberi is a disease caused by lack of

A. Thiamine

B. Vitamin C

C. niacin

D. Protein

A. Thiamine

Thiamine deficiency is often found in people whose diet consists largely of polished white rice; in refining the rice, the thiamine-rich husk is removed. Beriberi may affect several systems in the body and may lead to paralysis or death.

How does the endocrine system work with the reproductive system?

A. The reproductive system transforms minerals into useful nutrients.

B. The endocrine system determines the sex of the embryo.

C. The reproductive system controls the growth of secondary sex organs.

D. The endocrine system produces chemicals that regulate sexual function

D. The endocrine system produces chemicals that regulate sexual function.

Which hormone controls sleep, mood, and appetite?

A. Seratonin

B. Oxytocin

C. Cortisol

D. Aldosterone

A. Seratonin

Seratonin is the hormone that regulates appetite and sleep.

Oxytocin is the hormone that regulates birth and breastfeeding.

Cortisol is the hormone that regulates blood sugar and controls some aspect of fat breakdown

Aldosterone is the hormone that controls reabsorption of ions and regulates blood pressure

Which part of the brain is most posterior?

A. Frontal lobe

B. Parietal lobe

C. Temporal lobe

D. Occipital lobe

D. Occipital lobe

Which of the following is an HDL cholesterol level that might warrant regular testing?

A. 70

B. 60

C. 50

D. 40

D. 40

How does a transverse section divide the body?

A. Into right and left regions

B. Into upper and lower regions

C. Into front and back regions

D. Between the dorsal and ventral cavities

B. Into upper and lower regions

What is the function of amylase?

A. Breaking down starch

B. Digesting fat

C. Breaking down protein

D. Absorbing water

A. Breaking down starch

*lipase = protein break down

The spleen is part of the

A. Nervous system

B. Integumentary system

C. Lymphatic system

D. Urinary system

D. Lymphatic system

The spleen uses lymphocytes and macrophages to filter out bacteria, dead tissue, and foreign substance.

Which mineral is important for the formation of red blood cells?

a. Selinium

B. Calcium

C. Magnesium

D. Copper

D. Copper

The dorsal body cavity is ___ to the ventral body cavity.

A. Medial

B. Deep

C. Posterior

D. Anterior

C. Posterior

Which organ system is primarily responsible for preventing water loss?

A. The nervous system

B. The integumentary system

C. The lymphatic system

D. The urinary system

B. The integumentary system

The skin and it's appendages waterproofs the body from the outside and guards against excess fluid loss from inside.

Which is an anterior feature of the human head?

A. The nose

B. the ears

C. the occipital lobe

D. the temporal lobe

A. The nose

What is the primary hormone secreted by the thyroid?

a. oxytocin

b. TSH

c. adrenaline

d. T4

D. T4

Enlargement of the thyroid, commonly known as goiter, might be expected to affect ____?

a. swallowing

b. insulin levels

c. sleep

d. digestion

A. swallowing

Which kinds of muscles are involved in peristalsis?

a. smooth muscles

b. cardiac muscles

c. skeletal muscles

d. epaxial muscles

A. Smooth muscles

Why might certain young people be underweight?

a. they are growing in height faster than they are gaining weight

b. they eat little protein and too much fat and sugar

c. they eat several meals a day and fail to exercise

d. they seldom eat a meal that contains foods from all groups

A. they are growing in height faster than they are gaining weight

What might an injury to the parietal lobe affect?

A. breathing

B. Attention

C. Memory

D. Perception

D. Perception

How does the digestion system work with the urinary system?

A. The digestive system controls the function of the ureter

B. The urinary system removes toxins from the products of digestion

C. The digestive system manufactures hormones that influence urination

D. The urinary system eliminates some waste products of digestion

D. the urinary system eliminates some waste products of digestion

Which gland is located superior to the kidney?

A. pituitary

B. Adrenal

C. hypothalamus

D. Pancreas

B. Adrenal