Nucleic acids

Draw a simplified nucleotied

What is the role of DNA and where’s it found. Same for two types of RNA.

DNA: genetic code for making proteins. In prokaryotes, its found in the cytoplasm. In eukaroytes its found in the nucleus, chloroplasts and mitochondria.

RNA:

mRNA carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis occurs.

tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Draw a complete single-stranded nucleic acid.

What two types are the main five bases divided into.

Guanine and adenine are purines.

Cytosine, uracil, and thymine and pyrimidines.

What determines the basis of genetic code and how does this basis determine the sequence of amino acids.

The DNA bases forms the genetic code, and the order of these bases determines the order of amino acids in a protein.

Draw a RNA nucleotide.

What is the significance of DNA base pairing in DNA replication and gene expression.

DNA replication: When new DNA is replicated, new strands are built on new ones through complementary base pairing.

Gene expression: The transcritption of DNA into mRNA uses complementary base pairing.

What is Chargaffs rule

A:T and C:G should have the same proportions to each others complementary base.

Draw double stranded DNA

Differentiate between RNA and DNA

What is the directionality of DNA and RNA

5’ prime end free at one end with a phosphate and 3’ prime end free at the other end with a sugar free at the other end.
DNA replication goes from the 5’ to the 3’ prime end.

What does all life form having a similar genetic code suggest about the origin of earth.

It suggests there is a common ancestor and evolution from a single origin. H

How and where and why is DNA packaged in eukaryotes. Explain why its important

DNA is present in chromosomes in the nucleus. These chromosomes also contain proteins called histones which package the DNA tightly.

DNA is very long so it gets compressed and packaged to reduce the amount of space it takes up.

Important to ensure stability.

Explain nucleosomes and what it is.

A nucleosome is made of DNA wrapped around 8 protein histones

What virus did hershey and chase use.

Why was the virus useful.

DNA virus.

The virus injected their genetic material into host cells to control their cellular processes, showing DNA is the genetic material responsible for controling the host since a DNA virus was injected.