Chemistry- Fuels

What are the requirements for fire?

Heat, fuel, oxygen

What is Burning?

When fuel reacts with oxygen to release energy

When does complete combustion occur?

when there is a plentiful supply of oxygen

When does incomplete combustion occur?

when there isn't a plentiful supply of oxygen

What does complete combustion produce?

carbon dioxide and water, releases more energy than incomplete combustion

What does incomplete combustion produce?

carbon monoxide and water OR carbon (soot) and water, releases less energy than complete combustion

What is the word equation for complete combustion?

fuel + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

What is the word equation for incomplete combustion?

fuel + oxygen → carbon monoxide + water

OR

fuel + oxygen → carbon + water

Write a word and symbol equation for hydrogen burning in oxygen.

hydrogen + oxygen → water

H₂ + O₂ → H₂O

Word equation for methane burning completely in air.

methane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Word equation for ethanol burning in limited oxygen.

ethanol + oxygen → carbon monoxide + water

Word equation for propane burning in limited oxygen.

propane + oxygen → carbon + water

What test and result is for hydrogen.

lit splint in hydrogen, popping sound will be heard

What test and result is for oxygen.

Glowing splint into oxygen, splint relights

What test and result is for carbon dioxide.

bubble carbon dioxide (exhale through tube) through lime-water, lime-water turns cloudy

What test and result is for water.

Anhydrous copper sulfate will turn from white to blue

What is a physical change? (provide an example)

A change that can be reversed without using a chemical reaction e.g melting ice

What is a chemical change? (provide an example)

A change that cannot be reversed without using another chemical reaction e.g cooking an egg

Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen

zinc + hydrochloric acid → zinc chloride + hydrogen

metal carbonate + Acid → Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

Calcium Carbonate + Nitric acid → Calcium Nitrate + Water + Carbon Dioxide