Ottoman, Mughal, Japanese, Ming, Qing: Key Historical Figures and Concepts

What specific group of Turkic people did the Ottoman culture originate from?

Oghuz Turks

Geographically, the Ottoman Empire was located in which modern-day regions?

The Middle East, Turkiye, and Greece

What role did the Ottomans play in the trade between North Africa, Europe, and East Asia?

They acted as 'Middlemen'.

Besides coffee, what specific artistic product were the Ottomans known for trading?

Iznik Ceramics

What military technology allowed the Ottomans to take Constantinople and expand into Europe?

Artillery (cannons)

What were the elite soldiers of the Ottoman military called?

Janissaries

What was the term for the self-ruling districts within the Ottoman government?

Millets

The Mughal culture was a blend of Islamic religion, Persian culture, and what other heritage?

Mongol

Which city did the Mughals capture to establish their empire after defeating a larger army?

Delhi

What specific institution did the Mughals promote to encourage learning?

Imperial Libraries

Which famous architectural site was built for the wife of a Mughal ruler?

The Taj Mahal

Which European trading company established trading ports like Kolkata (Calcutta) in India?

The British East Indies Company

What major trade item was the British East Indies Company interested in exporting from India?

Cotton

During the decline of the Mughal Empire, a new kingdom formed in the Punjab region belonging to which religion?

The Sikh Kingdom

Which geographic term describes Japan's formation as a chain of mountainous islands?

Archipelago

Which form of Buddhism, focusing on meditation and duty, took hold in Japan?

Zen Buddhism

What is the native Japanese religion that focuses on spirits in nature (kami) and ancestral worship?

Shinto

In the Japanese government structure, who was the supreme military leader?

The Shogun

Which class of people were the landowning lords in Japan?

Daimyo

Which group made up the majority of the population in Japan?

Farmers

What specific law removed Japan from trade with Western Europe (except for limited trade with China and Korea)?

The Act of Seclusion

What form of theater became popular in Japanese cities during the expansion of fine arts?

Kabuki Theater

What was the name of the palace complex established in Beijing when the capital was moved?

The Forbidden City

What were the three main causes of the Ming Dynasty's decline?

Corruption in government, bad harvests (weather), and epidemics

The Qing Dynasty was founded by people from which culture in North Eastern China?

The Manchu

How did the Qing government view merchants and manufacturers compared to farmers?

They were seen as second class.

Which European country was told by the Qing emperor that China had 'no need of your countries manufactures'?

Britain

What invention contributed to higher literacy rates and the growth of literature in China?

The Printing Press

Who was the founder of the Ottoman Empire?

Osman

Which Ottoman ruler conquered Constantinople, renamed it Istanbul, and made it the new capital?

Mehmed II (Mehmed the Conqueror)

Which Eastern European leader is noted for resisting the armies of Mehmed II?

Vlad Tepes ('Dracula')

Which Sultan presided over the Ottoman 'Golden Age,' captured Baghdad, and pushed the empire's borders up to Vienna?

Suleiman the Magnificent (Suleyman I)

Who was the famous architect responsible for building the Suleymanie Mosque?

Sinan

Who founded the Mughal Empire after invading India from Kabul using guns and mobile cannons?

Babur

Which Mughal ruler lost nearly all of the conquests his father had made?

Humayun

Which ruler is known for making the Mughal Empire the dominant power in India, creating imperial libraries, and practicing religious tolerance?

Akbar

Who built the Taj Mahal for his wife, despite causing an economic crisis during his rule?

Shah Jahan

Which emperor revoked measures of religious tolerance (such as those toward Hinduism and Sikhism), sparking revolts that led to the empire's decline?

Aurangzeb

Which leader consolidated power at Edo (Tokyo) and established a ruling government that isolated Japan from Western trade?

Tokugawa Ieyasu

Who is considered a master of Haiku literature during the era when fine arts expanded in Japanese cities?

Matsuo Basho

Who led voyages to explore Southern Asia by sea before his fleet's records were destroyed?

Zheng He

Who is the author of the major literary work The Dream of the Red Chamber?

Cao Xueqin