CONTROL OF NOBILITY

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9 Terms

1
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How did Henry reward his nobles? (carrots)

  • order of the garter

  • giving out knighthoods

  • promised land and titles to some supporters, eg Rhys ap Thomas made Lord Lieutenant of Wales

  • JPs established in counties, given more power, statutes passed to protect their rights

2
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How did Henry punish his nobles? (sticks)

  • acts of attainder, used to punish traitors, 138 passed but 46 reversed, rate grew later on as Henry became more paranoid

  • laws against retaining passed 1487, then 1504 nobles had to get a licence to retain large numbers (four statutes)

  • wardship gave control of land/revenue of underage heirs

  • controlled noble marriages to avoid intermarrying and creation of private armies

  • bonds & recognisances as form of financial handcuffs to guarantee loyalty, more of threat, not often used to raise cash

  • absorbed vacant lands and rarely gave out to supporters to reduce threats, became largest landowner in England

  • feudal dues included relief, wardship and livery - ordinary revenue

3
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What are some key examples of this control?

  • revenue of wardship increases from up to £350 annually in 1487 to £6000 in 1507

  • number of nobles fell by 25%, from 62 to 42

4
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Earl of Surrey

  • Earl of Surrey, Thomas Howard, attained and imprisoned in 1486 but due to help in Yorkshire rebellion got fully reversed in 1492

5
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William Stanley

  • William Stanley under attainder 1495, fined £9000 (after Warbeck)

6
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Lord Burgavenny

  • Lord Burgavenny convicted 1507, fined over £40,000 but allowed bond as unrealistic (undermines authority)

7
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Katherine

  • Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Buckingham, fined £7000 in 1496 for marrying without licence

8
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W, N and VBB

  • Earl of Westmorland, E of Northumberland and Viscount Beaumont of Bowiche fined £10,000 if disloyal after Bosworth

9
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What was the importance of the nobility?

  • needed noble cooperation as sphere of influence very small

  • north was problem area, relied on noble loyalty

  • control of nobles was generally successful

  • majority of nobles were content, though slightly resentful

  • Henry wanted to avoid threats to authority