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When a person blinks she is using her:
occipitofrontalis muscle
orbicularis oris
procerus
orbicularis oculi
depressor labii inferioris
orbicularis oculi
You just ran over a skunk on your way to class. The odor was overwhelming and in response you wrinkled your nose in disgust. You have just used your:
nasalis muscle
procerus muscle
depressor anguli oris
frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle
occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle
procerus muscle
Your favorite niece just gave you a kiss. What muscle did she use?
orbicularis oris
orbicularis oculi
depressor labii inferioris
depressor anguli oris
procerus
orbicularis oris
Your professor says something profoundly funny. You are tempted to laugh but because you failed to brush your teeth this morning all you can do is to manage a closed-mouth smile. What muscle are you primarily using?
risorius
platysma
mestalis
levator labii superioris
buccinator
risorius
A nursing baby is using what muscle?
risorius
platysma
mentalis
levator labii superioris
buccinator
buccinator
The overall recovery rate for idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (Bell palsy) averages about ___ percent, and does appear to be related to its treatment.
10
20
50
70
80
50
The mentalis muscle has what action?
smiling
frowning
pouting
blowing
sucking
pouting
The frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis caused what action?
sneering
smiling
flares the nostrils
wrinkles the brow (forehead)
frown
wrinkles the brow (forehead)
The muscle that causes the look of fear by tensing the skin of the neck is the:
buccinator
orbicularis oris
zygomaticus major
orbicularis oculi
platysma
platysma
You hear a sharp noise to your left causing you to shift your eyes in that direction. Which muscles were responsible for your glance?
left eye - lateral rectus, right eye - medial rectus
left eye - medial rectus, right eye - lateral rectus
left eye and right eye - lateral rectus
left eye and right eye - medial rectus
left eye - superior oblique, right eye - inferior oblique
left eye - lateral rectus, right eye - medial rectus
Which extrinsic eye muscle moves through a pulleylike loop?
inferior oblique
superior oblique
lateral rectus
medial rectus
superior rectus
superior oblique
All of the “rectus” extrinsic eye muscles attach to which two features?
a. bones of the orbit
b. dura mater of the CNS
c. sclera of the eye
d. central tendinous ring
e. common tendinous ring
a and e
c and d
a and c
b and d
c and e
c and e
Which extrinsic eye muscle is innervated by the abducens nerve (CN VI)?
inferior oblique
superior oblique
lateral rectus
medial rectus
superior rectus
lateral rectus
There are four muscles of mastication. Select the exception.
buccinator
masseter
temporalis
lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid
buccinator
Which muscle does NOT move the mandible?
temporalis
masseter
lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid
genioglossus
genioglossus
The ending “glossus” on the name of a muscle refers to:
the tongue
mastication
the neck
swallowing
the jaw
the tongue
The muscle responsible for sticking out the tongue is the:
hyoglossus
palatoglossus
styloglossus
hypoglossus
genioglossus
genioglossus
The inability to curl your tongue into a tube is a genetic trait controlled by what muscle(s)?
hypoglossus
palatoglossus
styloglossus
intrinsic tongue muscles
genioglossus
intrinsic tongue muscles
Of the muscles listed, the only one that inserts on the hyoid bone is the:
hyoglossus
palatoglossus
styloglossus
lateral pterygoid
genioglossus
genioglossus
What muscle elevates the soft palate when swallowing?
palatopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus
levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
superior constictor
levator veli palatini
You have just embarked from an airplane following a cross-country flight. You are experiencing difficulty hearing and notices that your ears are plugged. To relieve the pressure you try “yawning” to clear the ear canal. It worked. What muscle was involved?
middle constrictor
levator veli palatini
salpingopharyngeus
palatopharyngeus
tensor veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
If you contract your right sternocleidomastoid muscle, what movement would you expect?
your chin would touch your chest
your head would turn to the right
your chin would point toward the ceiling
your head would turn to the left
your shoulders would shrug
your head would turn to the left
This muscle has its inferior attachment on the manubrium and sternal end of the clavicle, and its superior attachment on the mastoid process.
longissimus capitis
sternocleidomastoid
scalene
splenius capitis
splenius cervicis
sternocleidomastoid
The most laterally placed of the three erector spinae components, the __________ group, is composed of three parts: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar.
longissimus
spinalis
iliocostalis
iliocostalis
This muscle extends and rotates the vertebral column toward the opposite side of the body. Its inferior attachment is on the sacrum and transverse processes of each vertebra, and its superior attachment is the spinous processes of more superior vertebrae.
multifidus
interspinales
intertransversarii
rotators
quadratus lumborum
multifidus
These muscles extend inferomedially from the superior rib to an adjacent inferior rib, and are involved in elevating the ribs during inhalation.
internal intercostals
external intercostals
transversus thoracis
diaphragm
serratus posterior inferior
external intercostals
When contracted, this muscle causes expansion of the thoracic cavity and increases pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity. Its insertion is on a central tendon.
Internal intercostals
external intercostals
transversus thoracis
diaphragm
serratus posterior infereior
diaphragm
The muscle(s) that form(s) a partition between the thoracic and abdominal cavities is/are the:
scalenes
interspinales
internal intercostal
diaphragm
transversus thoracis
diaphragm
The most important muscle associated with breathing is the:
diaphragm
external intercostal
intertransversarii
rotators
quadratus luborum
diaphragm
The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in:
respiration
urination
defecation
childbirth
all of these choices are correct
all of these choices are correct
Which elevate(s) the ribs?
external intercostals
internal intercostals
serratus posterior superior
transversus thoracis
two of the choices are correct
two of the choices are correct
Which depress(es) the ribs?
internal intercostals
serratus posterior inferior
transversus thoracis
two of the choices are correct
all of the choices are correct
all of the choices are correct
The deepest of the abdominal muscles are the _____________ muscles.
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
tendinous intersections
transversus abdominis
The most medial of the abdominal muscles are the _______________ muscles.
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
tendinous intersections
rectus abdominis
Which muscle forms the traditional “six-pack” of a well-toned abdominal wall?
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
longissimus
rectus abdominis
What is an aponeurosis?
a round tendonlike structure attaching muscle to bone
a fibrous, perpendicular insertion between successive sheets or blocks of muscle
a flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion
a thin layer of muscle used to attach two other muscles together
a narrow, vertical, fibrous strip used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis
a flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion
What are tendinous intersections?
round tendonlike structures attaching muscle to bone
fibrous, perpendicular insertions between successive sheets or blocks of muscle
a flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion
thin layers of muscles used to attach two other muscles together
narrow, vertical, fibrous strips used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis
fibrous, perpendicular insertions between successive sheets or blocks of muscle
Which of the abdominal muscles does NOT insert on the linea alba?
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
no exceptions; all choices insert on the linea alba
rectus abdominis
What is the linea alba?
a round tendonlike structure attaching muscle to bone
a fibrous, perpendicular insertion between successive sheets or blocks of muscle
a flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion
a thin layer of muscle used to attach two other muscles together
a narrow, vertical, fibrous strip used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis
a narrow, vertical, fibrous strip used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis
Which of the abdominal muscles has its superior attachment on the xiphoid process of the sternum?
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
none of these choices is correct
rectus abdominis
Which of the abdominal muscles has its inferior attachment on the superior surface of the pubis?
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
none of these choices is correct
rectus abdominis
Which of the abdominal muscles is innervated by spinal nerves T7-T12?
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
none of these choices is correct
rectus abdominis
Which of the abdominal muscles has its fibers running in an inferomedial direction?
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
none of these choices is correct
external oblique
Which of the abdominal muscles is responsible for taking in a breath?
rectus abdominis
transversus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
none of these choices is correct
none of these choices is correct
During the act of defecation the coccyx is deflected posteriorly. What muscle is responsible for pulling the coccyx anteriorly after defecation?
iliococcygeus
external anal sphincter
coccygeus
pubococcygeus
puborectalis
coccygeus
What muscle forms a circular “sling” around the anorectal junction?
iliococcygeus
external anal sphincter
coccygeus
pubococcygeus
puborectalis
puborectalis
This muscle must be consciously relaxed during defecation in order to decrease the bend of the anorectal junction and permit easy passage of feces through the rectum.
iliococcygeus
external anal sphincter
coccygeus
pubococcygeus
puborectalis
puborectalis
What is the diamond-shaped region between the lower appendages called?
the periosteum
the pudendal triangle
the perineum
the posterior diaphragm
the coccygeal triangle
the perineum
The superficial layer of the urogenital triangle contains three muscles. Select the exception:
puborectalis
bulbospongiosus
ischiocavernosus
superficial transverse perineal
puborectalis
Which two muscles are known collectively as the urogenital diaphragm?
a. ischiocavernosus
b. deep transverse perineal
c. bulbospongiosus
d. external urethral sphincter
a c
b d
a d
b c
c d
b d
This muscle has its origin on the perineal body and it encircles the anal opening.
external anal sphincter
coccygeus
iliococcygeus
pubococcygeus
puborectalis
external anal sphincter
Of the muscles listed, the only one NOT innervated by the pudendal nerve is the:
external anal sphincter
coccygeus
iliococcygeus
pubococcygeus
puborectalis
coccygeus
In the male, which muscle ejects urine or semen, compresses the base of the penis, and help in formation of an erection?
iliococcygeus
superficial transverse perineal muscle
external urethral sphincter
bulbospongiosus
pubococcygeus
bulbospongiosus
Which muscle is part of the urogenital diaphragm and constricts the urethra to voluntarily inhibit urination?
ischiocavernosus
superficial transverse perineal muscle
external urethral sphincter
bulbospongiosus
pubococcygeus
external urethral sphincter
Collectively, these muscles support and position the head, vertebral column, and thoracic cage. They also control movements association with respiration and form part of the floor of the pelvic cavity:
axial muscles
appendicular muscles
axial muscles
Which muscles arise from the skull and often attach to skin?
extrinsic eye muscles
muscles of mastication
muscles that move the tongue
muscles of facial expression
muscles of the pharynx
muscles of facial expression
Which muscles help us in the initial breakdown of food?
extrinsic eye muscles
muscles of mastication
muscles that move the tongue
muscles of facial expression
muscles of the pharynx
muscles of mastication
Which muscles aid in the act of swallowing?
muscles of the pharynx
muscles of mastication
muscles that move the tongue
muscles of facial expression
two of the choices are correct
two of the choices are correct
These muscles extend from the pubis and ischium anteriorly to the sacrum and coccyx posteriorly. They control the evacuation of waste materials from the digestive and urinary systems:
muscles of the abdominal wall
muscles of the vertebral column
muscles of the pelvic floor
muscles of the pharynx
muscles of the perineal floor
muscles of the pelvic floor
True or False
Muscles of the vertebral column are simple, having only one superior and inferior attachment.
false
True or False
The erector spinae muscles collectively are used to maintain posture and to stand erect.
true
True or False
As the diaphragm contracts, the vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity are decreased.
false
True or False
A medical procedure often performed during childbirth in which an incision is made in the perineal skin and soft tissues between the vagina and the anus is termed an episiotomy.
true
True or False
A condition in which a portion of the viscera protrudes through a weakened point of the muscular wall of the abdominopelvic cavity is known as a hernia.
true