Axial Muscles - Ch 11

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64 Terms

1
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When a person blinks she is using her:

occipitofrontalis muscle

orbicularis oris

procerus

orbicularis oculi

depressor labii inferioris

orbicularis oculi

2
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You just ran over a skunk on your way to class. The odor was overwhelming and in response you wrinkled your nose in disgust. You have just used your:

nasalis muscle

procerus muscle

depressor anguli oris

frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle

occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle

procerus muscle

3
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Your favorite niece just gave you a kiss. What muscle did she use?

orbicularis oris

orbicularis oculi

depressor labii inferioris

depressor anguli oris

procerus

orbicularis oris

4
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Your professor says something profoundly funny. You are tempted to laugh but because you failed to brush your teeth this morning all you can do is to manage a closed-mouth smile. What muscle are you primarily using?

risorius

platysma

mestalis

levator labii superioris

buccinator

risorius

5
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A nursing baby is using what muscle?

risorius

platysma

mentalis

levator labii superioris

buccinator

buccinator

6
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The overall recovery rate for idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (Bell palsy) averages about ___ percent, and does appear to be related to its treatment.

10

20

50

70

80

50

7
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The mentalis muscle has what action?

smiling

frowning

pouting

blowing

sucking

pouting

8
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The frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis caused what action?

sneering

smiling

flares the nostrils

wrinkles the brow (forehead)

frown

wrinkles the brow (forehead)

9
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The muscle that causes the look of fear by tensing the skin of the neck is the:

buccinator

orbicularis oris

zygomaticus major

orbicularis oculi

platysma

platysma

10
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You hear a sharp noise to your left causing you to shift your eyes in that direction. Which muscles were responsible for your glance?

left eye - lateral rectus, right eye - medial rectus

left eye - medial rectus, right eye - lateral rectus

left eye and right eye - lateral rectus

left eye and right eye - medial rectus

left eye - superior oblique, right eye - inferior oblique

left eye - lateral rectus, right eye - medial rectus

11
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Which extrinsic eye muscle moves through a pulleylike loop?

inferior oblique

superior oblique

lateral rectus

medial rectus

superior rectus

superior oblique

12
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All of the “rectus” extrinsic eye muscles attach to which two features?

a. bones of the orbit

b. dura mater of the CNS

c. sclera of the eye

d. central tendinous ring

e. common tendinous ring

a and e

c and d

a and c

b and d

c and e

c and e

13
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Which extrinsic eye muscle is innervated by the abducens nerve (CN VI)?

inferior oblique

superior oblique

lateral rectus

medial rectus

superior rectus

lateral rectus

14
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There are four muscles of mastication. Select the exception.

buccinator

masseter

temporalis

lateral pterygoid

medial pterygoid

buccinator

15
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Which muscle does NOT move the mandible?

temporalis

masseter

lateral pterygoid

medial pterygoid

genioglossus

genioglossus

16
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The ending “glossus” on the name of a muscle refers to:

the tongue

mastication

the neck

swallowing

the jaw

the tongue

17
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The muscle responsible for sticking out the tongue is the:

hyoglossus

palatoglossus

styloglossus

hypoglossus

genioglossus

genioglossus

18
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The inability to curl your tongue into a tube is a genetic trait controlled by what muscle(s)?

hypoglossus

palatoglossus

styloglossus

intrinsic tongue muscles

genioglossus

intrinsic tongue muscles

19
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Of the muscles listed, the only one that inserts on the hyoid bone is the:

hyoglossus

palatoglossus

styloglossus

lateral pterygoid

genioglossus

genioglossus

20
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What muscle elevates the soft palate when swallowing?

palatopharyngeus

stylopharyngeus

levator veli palatini

tensor veli palatini

superior constictor

levator veli palatini

21
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You have just embarked from an airplane following a cross-country flight. You are experiencing difficulty hearing and notices that your ears are plugged. To relieve the pressure you try “yawning” to clear the ear canal. It worked. What muscle was involved?

middle constrictor

levator veli palatini

salpingopharyngeus

palatopharyngeus

tensor veli palatini

tensor veli palatini

22
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If you contract your right sternocleidomastoid muscle, what movement would you expect?

your chin would touch your chest

your head would turn to the right

your chin would point toward the ceiling

your head would turn to the left

your shoulders would shrug

your head would turn to the left

23
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This muscle has its inferior attachment on the manubrium and sternal end of the clavicle, and its superior attachment on the mastoid process.

longissimus capitis

sternocleidomastoid

scalene

splenius capitis

splenius cervicis

sternocleidomastoid

24
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The most laterally placed of the three erector spinae components, the __________ group, is composed of three parts: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar.

longissimus

spinalis

iliocostalis

iliocostalis

25
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This muscle extends and rotates the vertebral column toward the opposite side of the body. Its inferior attachment is on the sacrum and transverse processes of each vertebra, and its superior attachment is the spinous processes of more superior vertebrae.

multifidus

interspinales

intertransversarii

rotators

quadratus lumborum

multifidus

26
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These muscles extend inferomedially from the superior rib to an adjacent inferior rib, and are involved in elevating the ribs during inhalation.

internal intercostals

external intercostals

transversus thoracis

diaphragm

serratus posterior inferior

external intercostals

27
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When contracted, this muscle causes expansion of the thoracic cavity and increases pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity. Its insertion is on a central tendon.

Internal intercostals

external intercostals

transversus thoracis

diaphragm

serratus posterior infereior

diaphragm

28
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The muscle(s) that form(s) a partition between the thoracic and abdominal cavities is/are the:

scalenes

interspinales

internal intercostal

diaphragm

transversus thoracis

diaphragm

29
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The most important muscle associated with breathing is the:

diaphragm

external intercostal

intertransversarii

rotators

quadratus luborum

diaphragm

30
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The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in:

respiration

urination

defecation

childbirth

all of these choices are correct

all of these choices are correct

31
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Which elevate(s) the ribs?

external intercostals

internal intercostals

serratus posterior superior

transversus thoracis

two of the choices are correct

two of the choices are correct

32
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Which depress(es) the ribs?

internal intercostals

serratus posterior inferior

transversus thoracis

two of the choices are correct

all of the choices are correct

all of the choices are correct

33
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The deepest of the abdominal muscles are the _____________ muscles.

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

tendinous intersections

transversus abdominis

34
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The most medial of the abdominal muscles are the _______________ muscles.

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

tendinous intersections

rectus abdominis

35
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Which muscle forms the traditional “six-pack” of a well-toned abdominal wall?

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

longissimus

rectus abdominis

36
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What is an aponeurosis?

a round tendonlike structure attaching muscle to bone

a fibrous, perpendicular insertion between successive sheets or blocks of muscle

a flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion

a thin layer of muscle used to attach two other muscles together

a narrow, vertical, fibrous strip used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis

a flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion

37
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What are tendinous intersections?

round tendonlike structures attaching muscle to bone

fibrous, perpendicular insertions between successive sheets or blocks of muscle

a flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion

thin layers of muscles used to attach two other muscles together

narrow, vertical, fibrous strips used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis

fibrous, perpendicular insertions between successive sheets or blocks of muscle

38
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Which of the abdominal muscles does NOT insert on the linea alba?

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

no exceptions; all choices insert on the linea alba

rectus abdominis

39
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What is the linea alba?

a round tendonlike structure attaching muscle to bone

a fibrous, perpendicular insertion between successive sheets or blocks of muscle

a flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion

a thin layer of muscle used to attach two other muscles together

a narrow, vertical, fibrous strip used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis

a narrow, vertical, fibrous strip used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis

40
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Which of the abdominal muscles has its superior attachment on the xiphoid process of the sternum?

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

none of these choices is correct

rectus abdominis

41
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Which of the abdominal muscles has its inferior attachment on the superior surface of the pubis?

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

none of these choices is correct

rectus abdominis

42
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Which of the abdominal muscles is innervated by spinal nerves T7-T12?

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

none of these choices is correct

rectus abdominis

43
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Which of the abdominal muscles has its fibers running in an inferomedial direction?

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

none of these choices is correct

external oblique

44
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Which of the abdominal muscles is responsible for taking in a breath?

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique

none of these choices is correct

none of these choices is correct

45
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During the act of defecation the coccyx is deflected posteriorly. What muscle is responsible for pulling the coccyx anteriorly after defecation?

iliococcygeus

external anal sphincter

coccygeus

pubococcygeus

puborectalis

coccygeus

46
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What muscle forms a circular “sling” around the anorectal junction?

iliococcygeus

external anal sphincter

coccygeus

pubococcygeus

puborectalis

puborectalis

47
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This muscle must be consciously relaxed during defecation in order to decrease the bend of the anorectal junction and permit easy passage of feces through the rectum.

iliococcygeus

external anal sphincter

coccygeus

pubococcygeus

puborectalis

puborectalis

48
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What is the diamond-shaped region between the lower appendages called?

the periosteum

the pudendal triangle

the perineum

the posterior diaphragm

the coccygeal triangle

the perineum

49
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The superficial layer of the urogenital triangle contains three muscles. Select the exception:

puborectalis

bulbospongiosus

ischiocavernosus

superficial transverse perineal

puborectalis

50
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Which two muscles are known collectively as the urogenital diaphragm?

a. ischiocavernosus

b. deep transverse perineal

c. bulbospongiosus

d. external urethral sphincter

a c

b d

a d

b c

c d

b d

51
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This muscle has its origin on the perineal body and it encircles the anal opening.

external anal sphincter

coccygeus

iliococcygeus

pubococcygeus

puborectalis

external anal sphincter

52
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Of the muscles listed, the only one NOT innervated by the pudendal nerve is the:

external anal sphincter

coccygeus

iliococcygeus

pubococcygeus

puborectalis

coccygeus

53
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In the male, which muscle ejects urine or semen, compresses the base of the penis, and help in formation of an erection?

iliococcygeus

superficial transverse perineal muscle

external urethral sphincter

bulbospongiosus

pubococcygeus

bulbospongiosus

54
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Which muscle is part of the urogenital diaphragm and constricts the urethra to voluntarily inhibit urination?

ischiocavernosus

superficial transverse perineal muscle

external urethral sphincter

bulbospongiosus

pubococcygeus

external urethral sphincter

55
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Collectively, these muscles support and position the head, vertebral column, and thoracic cage. They also control movements association with respiration and form part of the floor of the pelvic cavity:

axial muscles

appendicular muscles

axial muscles

56
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Which muscles arise from the skull and often attach to skin?

extrinsic eye muscles

muscles of mastication

muscles that move the tongue

muscles of facial expression

muscles of the pharynx

muscles of facial expression

57
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Which muscles help us in the initial breakdown of food?

extrinsic eye muscles

muscles of mastication

muscles that move the tongue

muscles of facial expression

muscles of the pharynx

muscles of mastication

58
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Which muscles aid in the act of swallowing?

muscles of the pharynx

muscles of mastication

muscles that move the tongue

muscles of facial expression

two of the choices are correct

two of the choices are correct

59
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These muscles extend from the pubis and ischium anteriorly to the sacrum and coccyx posteriorly. They control the evacuation of waste materials from the digestive and urinary systems:

muscles of the abdominal wall

muscles of the vertebral column

muscles of the pelvic floor

muscles of the pharynx

muscles of the perineal floor

muscles of the pelvic floor

60
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True or False

Muscles of the vertebral column are simple, having only one superior and inferior attachment.

false

61
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True or False

The erector spinae muscles collectively are used to maintain posture and to stand erect.

true

62
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True or False

As the diaphragm contracts, the vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity are decreased.

false

63
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True or False

A medical procedure often performed during childbirth in which an incision is made in the perineal skin and soft tissues between the vagina and the anus is termed an episiotomy.

true

64
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True or False

A condition in which a portion of the viscera protrudes through a weakened point of the muscular wall of the abdominopelvic cavity is known as a hernia.

true