Reactions in Aqueous Solution

These flashcards cover key concepts related to reactions in aqueous solutions, including definitions, types of substances, and processes involved.

What is a solution in chemistry?

A homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances.

What are solute and solvent?

The solute is the substance present in the smaller amount, while the solvent is the substance present in the larger amount.

Define electrolyte.

An electrolyte is a substance that, when dissolved in water, results in a solution that can conduct electricity.

What is a nonelectrolyte?

A nonelectrolyte is a substance that, when dissolved, results in a solution that does not conduct electricity.

What is a strong electrolyte?

A strong electrolyte is a substance that completely dissociates into ions in solution.

What is a weak electrolyte?

A weak electrolyte is a substance that does not completely dissociate into ions in solution.

What is ionization of acetic acid in chemical terms?

CH3COOH ⇌ CH3COO- + H+ and is considered a weak electrolyte.

What is the process of hydration?

Hydration is the process in which an ion is surrounded by water molecules arranged in a specific manner.

What is a precipitate in a chemical reaction?

A precipitate is an insoluble solid that separates from a solution during a reaction.

What is the definition of solubility?

Solubility is the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temperature.

What is an Arrhenius acid?

An Arrhenius acid is a substance that produces H+ ions in water.

What is a Brønsted acid?

A Brønsted acid is a proton donor.

What is the definition of neutralization reactions?

A neutralization reaction is when an acid reacts with a base to produce salt and water.

What are titrations used for?

Titrations are used to determine the concentration of a solution by adding a solution of known concentration until the reaction is complete.

What does the activity series of metals indicate?

The activity series of metals indicates which metals will displace others in reactions.

What happens during oxidation-reduction reactions?

In oxidation-reduction reactions, there is a transfer of electrons between reactants.

What is the molarity of a solution?

Molarity (M) is the number of moles of solute divided by the volume of solution in liters.

What does dilution involve?

Dilution involves reducing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent.

What is the equivalence point in a titration?

The equivalence point is the point at which the reaction between the titrant and analyte is complete.

What does it mean for a compound to be soluble?

A compound is soluble if it can dissolve in a solvent to form a solution.

What role do spectator ions play in a net ionic equation?

Spectator ions are ions that do not change during the reaction and are omitted from the net ionic equation.