Feed and Feeding I: Conventional Feedstuffs for Animals

These flashcards cover key concepts related to feedstuffs in animal nutrition, providing definitions and explanations for various types of feed and their importance.

What is the definition of feedstuff?

Primary components used in animal diets, providing essential nutrients like proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals.

What defines conventional feedstuff?

Widely used, well-established feed ingredients with a long history of use in animal nutrition; readily available in regions of animal production.

What is non-conventional feedstuff?

Less commonly used feed ingredients derived from alternative sources or processes that require careful evaluation and management.

What are pastures in the context of livestock feeding?

Land planted with grass and other low-growing plants suitable for grazing by livestock.

Why is roughage important for ruminant diets?

It is essential for healthy rumen function, stimulates rumination, and helps prevent digestive disorders.

What are the types of grazed pastures?

Legumes (high in protein) and grasses (high in energy), with specific choices based on agro-climatic zones.

What is silage?

Fermented forage produced in an anaerobic environment, often made from corn or grass for ruminants.

How does the nutritional value of roughages differ between grasses and legumes?

Grasses have more structural matter and are generally lower in protein, while legumes tend to have higher protein and nutrient value.

What compounds can reduce the nutritional value of forages?

Anti-nutritive components such as nitrates, oxalates, tannins, and protease inhibitors.

What are the main factors influencing the feeding quality of roughages?

Plant species, maturity stage, environmental conditions, soil fertility, harvesting and storage practices, and grazing intensity.

How does dry matter (DM) content affect nutrient calculations?

Nutrient content and calculations are expressed on a DM basis to account for varying water content in feedstuffs.

What is metabolizable energy (ME) important for?

It represents the energy available to the animal for maintenance, growth, and production after accounting for losses.