Final Exam Principles of Management

Manager

someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished

Technical Skills

the ability to fix something, having specific knowledge

Human Skills

knowing how to work with the people

Conceptual Skills

the ability to think and conceptualize about abstract and complex situations 

First Line Manager ( technical skills)

manage the work of non-managerial employees; supervisor, shift advisor

Middle Manager (human skills)

manage the work of first-line managers; store manager, regional manager

Top Manager (conceptual skills)

responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that affect the entire organization; CEO, president, VP

A manager who wishes to be successful in international business should avoid a(n) ____________________ attitude.

parochialistic

Trey’s ability to complete activities efficiently and effectively through other people is known as _______________________ . 

management

Decision making that’s logical but limited by an individual’s ability to process information is called _________________________.

Bounded Rationality

1) Describe an important decision you made and

2) list and explain each of the 8 steps in the decision making process. Do Not Use Cell Phone/Computer example.

An important decision that I made was about what to eat.

1. Identify the Problem

2. To make a decision, you must first have a problem that prevents you from reaching the desired goal.

3. I was hungry

4. Decision OptionsThis allows you to view all possible options for the problem.

5. Eat at home

6. Alternate Decision

7. Having choices that allow for other options maximizes optimal decision making.

8. Go out to eat

9. Weigh out the Decision Criteria

10. Measuring the criteria helps to narrow down the most important aspects of the options available.

11. Cost.  - 6

12. Travel - 4

13. Taste - 8

14. Convenience - 10

15. Implement the DecisionAfter weighing the choices, you choose which one has the highest value, and use it.

16. The decision to eat out was used.

17. Analyze the Decision

18. Understanding which choice was better after choosing, allows for breaking down the decision into parts.

19. Researching out which restaurant was cheap with the food I wanted.

20. Implement the Alternative

21. Using the other choice with action aims to reduce a negative outcome.

22. Going through the drive through, as it was effective, and efficient.

23. Evaluate the Decision

24. Knowing what worked well, and what did not allows for better informed choices next time. Then the process starts over.

25. The decision was good, because there was a lunch special. The food tasted good, the cost was low, and it was more convenient not cooking at home.

Change example

Manager’s with titles such as regional manager, district manager, or division manager are called ____________________________________.

middle managers

Conceptual skills involve _____________________________________________.

thinking about abstract and complex situations

A (n) ___________________ typically contains an ambiguous term that leaves interpretation up to the decision maker.

policy

Fastenal’s LLC, has customers on four continents. It would like to increase its global presence as a supplier to its global customers. The most expensive option would be to ________________.

Foreign Subsidiary, direct investment

______________________ is a condition or situation in which a decision maker cannot make reasonable estimates.

 uncertainty

The ________________________ thinking style is characterized by a person's preference for using external data and facts and processing this information through rational, logical thinking to guide decisions and actions.

  linear

Management is needed in all types and sizes of organizations, at all organizational levels and in all organizational work areas, and in all organizations, no matter where they are located. This principle is known as the __________________________________.

universality of management

If Fiona accomplishes her projects with high-quality results, but takes more time than other managers in the process, as a manager she is _________________________________________________.

Correct:

effective, but inefficient

If Elijah's company decides to open another company in France but centralizes its management in the United States, it would be considered a ______________________________________.

global company

A (n) ____________________ decision is a repetitive decision that can be handled by a routine approach.

programmed

A ______________________ economy is one in which resources are primarily owned and controlled by the private sector.

free market

Melanie joins an international student association in order to better understand the views of students from other countries. She is trying to become more ________________ in her attitude.

geocentric

Ellen's ability to produce the same amount of products with fewer personnel is a reflection of her __________________.

efficiency

What is NAFTA? What countries are a part of it?

North American Free Trade Agreement, U.S, Mexico, and Canada

Wendell notices that the company's top executives share a belief that managers are directly responsible for the organization's success or failure. This belief reflects a (n) ________________________ view of management.

omnipotent

Intuitive decision making ___________________________________.

is the process of making decisions based on experience, feelings, and accumulated judgment

A(n) ______________________ attitude is the view that employees in the host country know the best practices for running their operations.

polycentric

When problems are _________________, managers must rely on ___________________ in order to develop unique solutions.

unstructured, non-programmed decision making

According to the symbolic view, managers have a (n) ________________ effect on substantive organization’s success or failure

limited

Catherine would like to become a part of the global retail community. Which of the following options should Melanie consider as her first step and least expensive?

She should develop strategic alliances with foreign companies.

A procedure _______________________________________________________________________________.

is a series of sequential steps a manager uses to respond to a structured problem

An ethnocentric attitude ___________________________________________________________________________.

is the belief that the home (headquarters) country has the best work approaches and practices

Courtney, a manager in a manufacturing firm in Boiling Springs, NC has a tendency to view the world only through his U.S.-based perspective. What can be said about her attitude?

He has a parochialistic attitude.

Because Sterling is a shift manager, ________________________________________________________.

his technical skills are of the utmost priority

Which of the following is a typical definition of a multinational corporation?

It is a company that maintains operations in multiple countries.

The process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting is called ______________________.

controlling

Which of the following is the basic difference between Multidomestic corporations and Global companies?

Multidomestic corporations decentralize management to the local country, while global companies centralize management in the home/headquartered country.

Discrimination refers to ___________________________________.

someone acting out their prejudicial attitudes toward people who are the targets of their prejudice

In ________________________________, goals set by top manager’s flow down through the organization and become sub-goals for each organizational area.

traditional goal setting

_________________ involves exchanging something of value for an agreement to lessen the resistance to the change effort.

Negotiation

Changes in equipment, work processes, and methods, are a part of _____________ changes.

technological

Managers who consider the impact of their organization on the natural environment are said to be practicing ______________________________.

green management

The process of applying social and environmental criteria to an investment decision is known as ____________________.

social screening

Short-term plans are those plans covering ____________________ or less.

one year

________ is a term that describes a tendency or preference toward a particular perspective or ideology.

Bias

____________ occurs when someone is in the wrong job and expectations are hard to satisfy.

Role conflict

Operational plans are usually ________________________________________

short term, specific, and standing

________ involves defining the organization's goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate work activities.

Planning

The effect of planning on managers is that it forces them to _______________________________________.

anticipate and respond to change

________________ is the process of taking a new idea and turning it into a useful product or work method.

Innovation

Judging a person on the basis of one's perception of a group to which he or she belongs is known as ______________.

stereotyping

At the _________________ level of moral development, individuals define moral values apart from the authority of the groups to which they belong or society in general.

principled

In the process of getting acquainted, John and his new co-worker Bill have discovered they have different tastes in music and books, that one is extroverted and the other introverted, that one prefers working in teams and the other works best alone. They are exploring ________

deep-level diversity

A) What are the 3 stages of Moral Development?

B) How are decisions made at each stage.

C) What stage are you currently in and why?

Preconventional level- persons choice between right or wrong is based on personal consequences from outside sources such as physical punishment, reward, or exchange of favors

Conventional level- ethical desciosns rely on mantianijng expected standards and living up to the expectations of others

Principled level- define moral values apart from the authority of the groups to which they belong or society in general

A ________________________ is a formal statement of an organization's primary values and the ethical rules it expects its employees to follow.

code of ethics

In the ____________________ approach of going green, an organization works to meet the environmental demands of its employees, suppliers, or community.

stakeholder

A) What is Green Management?

B) List and describe fully the 4 ways how organizations go green.

Green Management is when a company is aware of its impact on the natural environment. The first way a company goes green is through the Light Green Legal Approach. The legal approach is when an organization does the minimum for what is legally required. Market Approach is when an organization listens to what the consumer wants and follows their lead. The Stakeholder approach is when an organization works to meet the environmental demands of its employees, suppliers, or community. The last approach is the Dark Green Activist Approach, where the organization researches out ways to be more environmentally friendly.  This approach is driven to look for ways to respect and preserve the earth and its natural resources and is the highest degree of environmental sensitivity.

A standing plan is ____________________________.

an ongoing plan that provides guidance for activities performed repeatedly

Goals are different from plans because ________________________.

goals are desired outcomes, and plans describe how those outcomes will be accomplished

Strategic plans are usually ______________________________________________.

long term, directional, and single use

If Tyrell were to consider enhancing productivity by reorganizing his subordinates and increasing who reports to whom, he would be considering _______________ changes.

structural

An organization's mission states that it "is committed to reducing its environmental footprint"; but its facilities do not comply with statutory environmental regulations. This is an instance of how _________________________________.

an organizations stated goals is not its real goals

Which of the following techniques for reducing resistance to change assumes that much of the resistance to change is a result of misinformation?

education and communication

In workplace jargon, the term "glass ceiling" refers to ___________________________.

the invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions

___________________________ is a process of setting mutually-agreed upon goals and using those goals to evaluate employee performance.

Management by objectives

Which of the following statements is true of employing disabled employees?

 A person with a disability for whom workplace accommodations have been provided has the same obligations and rights as far as job performance.

In organizations, people who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing the change process are called _______________________.

change agents

An organization's ___________________ goals are official statements of what an organization says, and what it wants stakeholders to believe its goals are and sometimes not what their real goals actually are.

stated

Jack and Jill are discussing the new hire in their department: her hair color, skin tone, manner of dress, and accent. Jack and Jill are focusing on ________.

surface level diversity

The two metaphors commonly used to describe the two views of the change process are _________________________________.

calm waters and white-water rapids

__________________________ plans apply to the entire organization and establish the organization's overall goals.

Strategic

A ___________ personality is characterized by chronic feelings of a sense of time urgency, an excessive competitive drive, and difficulty accepting change and enjoying leisure time.

Type A

In which of the stages of moral development do individuals stick to rules to avoid physical punishment and follow rules only when doing so is in their immediate interest?

pre-conventional

__________________ involves bringing individuals directly affected by the proposed change into the decision-making process.

Participation

Under what approach is the organization driven to look for ways to respect and preserve the earth and its natural resources and is the highest degree of environmental sensitivity?

activist approach

Under the concept of social obligation, the organization does what is required by the _______________.

law

____________________________ is the degree to which people believe they control their own fate.

Locus of control