Regional Anatomy Final

What muscles are included in the Pes anerine muscles?

- Semitendinosus

- Sartorius

- Gracilis

What are the quadriceps muscles?

- Vastus lateralis

- Vastus intermedialis

- Rectus femoris

- Vastus medialis

What are the triceps surae muscles?

- Gastrocnemius

- Soleus

- Plantaris (anterior)

What muscles attach to the greater trochanter?

- Gluteus medius

- Gluteus minimus

- Obturator Internus

- Superior gemellus

- Inferior gemellus

What muscles attach to the lesser trochanter?

- Iliacus

- Psoas Major

What muscle does hip flexion and knee extension?

Rectus femoris

What nerve innervates the iliacus?

Femoral nerve

What muscle is innervated by both the obturator and femoral nerve?

Pectineus

What muscle is known as the "freshman's nerve"? What is it commonly mistaken as?

Freshman's nerve is the Plantaris muscle and is commonly mistaken for tibial nerve

What is the nerve roots of the Tibial nerve?

L4-S3

What is the nerve roots of the Obturator nerve?

L2-L4

What is the nerve roots of the Common Peroneal nerve?

L4-S2

What is the nerve roots of the Femoral nerve?

L2-L4

What nerves innervate the adductor magnus?

Obturator nerve and tibial nerve

What are the muscles of the hamstrings?

- Short head biceps femoris

- Long head biceps femoris

- Semitendonosus

- Semimembranosus

What is the only hamstring muscle that does not attach to the ischial tuberosity?

Short head Biceps femoris

What structures make up the border of the Femoral triangle?

Inguinal ligament (Superior)

Sartorius (lateral)

Adductor longus (medial)

What structures pass through the adductor canal?

Femoral Artery

Femoral Vein

Saphenous Nerve

What makes up the achilles tendon?

- Gastrocnemius

- Soleus

- Plantaris

What is the unhappy triad of the Knee?

- Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

- Medial Collateral ligament (MCL)

- Medial meniscus

What does the external iliac artery become? When?

Becomes femoral artery when it passes inguinal ligament and enters femoral triangle

Where does the Medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries come off of?

Medial: Femoral artery

Lateral: Deep femoral artery

What is the difference in shape of the meniscus?

Medial: C-shaped

Lateral: O-shaped

What muscles do the superficial peroneal nerve innervate?

- Peroneus brevis and longus

What does the Medial plantar nerve innervate in the foot?

- Abductor Hallucis

- Flexor Digitorum Brevis

- Flexor Hallucis Brevis

- Lumbrical 1

What does the Lateral planter nerve innervate in the foot?

-Abductor Digiti Minimi

- Quadratus Plantae

- Lumbricals 2-4

- Adductor Hallucis

- Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

- Dorsal interossei (4 muscles)

- Plantar interossei (3 muscles)

What does the deep peroneal (Fibular) nerve innervate in the foot?

- Extensor Digitorum Brevis

- Extensor Hallucis Brevis

What arteries in the hand creates the palmar arch?

- Ulnar artery

- Radial artery

superficial and deep palmar arch

What arteries in the foot creates the plantar arch?

- Medial plantar artery

- Lateral Plantar artery

Deep plantar arch

Where is tarsal tunnel found?

At the tibialis muscles on medial malleolus side

What structures go through the tarsal tunnel?

- Tibialis Posterior (Tom)

- Flexor Digitorum Longus (Dick)

- Posterior Tibial artery (A)

- Tibial nerve (N)

- Posterior tibial vein (V)

- Flexor Hallucis Longus (Harry)

What is jogger's foot caused from?

Medial Plantar nerve compression

What is the associated anatomy with jogger's foot?

Flexor retinalculum

What are the pulse points in the leg?

- Femoral artery

- Popliteal artery

- Posterior tibial artery

- Dorsalis Pedis artery

What is the "Deep 6"?

- Piriformis

- Obturator internus

- Obturator externus

- Gemellus inferior

- Gemellus superior

- Quadratus femoris

What is the most common quad injury?

Taylor's muscle (Sartorius)

Do the inguinal ligament cross the hip joint?

No

What are the attachments for the quadratus plantae?

- Calcaneus (Medial and lateral)

- Tendons of the flexor digitorum longus