Studied by 2 people
Imperialism
A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
Colonialism
Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.
Native speakers
people for whom a particular language is their first language
lingua franca
A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages
pidgin language
When parts of two or more languages are combined in a simplified structure and vocabulary
Creole language
a language that began as a pidgin language but was later adopted as the mother tongue by a people in a place of the mother tongue
Social constructs
Ideas, concepts, or perceptions that have been created and accepted by people in a society or social group and are not created by nature
Time-space convergence
rate at which places move closer together in travel or communication time or costs
cultural convergence
The tendency for cultures to become more alike as they increasingly share technology and organizational structures in a modern world united by improved transportation and communication.
cultural divergence
The likelihood or tendency for cultures to become increasingly dissimilar with the passage of time.
Linguists
scientists who study languages
Language Tree
a representation of the relationships of languages to each other
Indo-European language family
Language family including the Germanic and Romance languages that is spoken by 50% of the world's people
Romance languages
Any of the languages derived from Latin including Italian, Spanish, French, and Romanian.
Isoglosses
Geographical boundary lines where different linguistic features meet.
Dialects
variants of a standard language along regional or ethnic lines
Adages
sayings that attempt to express a truth about life
Toponyms
place names
official language
The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.
homogenous society
society that has a common culture and language
adherents
believers, followers
Ethnic religions
Religions found among people of one ethnic group and that generally have not spread into other cultures
Universal Religion
actively seeks converts to its faith regardless of their ethnic backgrounds
Polytheistic
Belief in many gods
Monotheistic
Belief in one God
Karma
the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation
Caste System
a set of rigid social categories that determine not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society
Gurdwara
Sikh place of worship
Pilgrimage
a journey to a sacred place
Acculturation
The adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another.
Assimilation
the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another
Syncretism
a blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith
Glocalization
the process of companies standardizing their products globally, but using different promotional campaigns to sell them
Multiculturalism
the coexistence of several cultures in one society, with the ideal of all cultures being valued and worthy of study
Nativism
anti-immigrant attitude, sometimes bringing violence or government action against a minority group
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