CHE217 LECTURE 1-1

QUIZ 1

MATERIAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

processing, structure, and properties

MAJOR MATERIAL CLASSES

metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites

MATERIALS

substances out of which a thing is made of or can be made

MATERIALS SCIENCE

an interdisciplinary field (physics and chemistry) focusing on the relationship between a material’s composition/structure and its properties

basic knowledge of materials

MATERIALS ENGINEERING

The application of material knowledge to develop, modify, or prepare materials for specific needs.

applied knowledge of materials

MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Covers the generation and application of knowledge relating the composition, structure, and processing of materials to their properties and uses

resultant knowledge of structure and properties

STRUCTURE

the arrangement of internal components (subatomic, atomic, microscopic, macroscopic/bulk)

PROCESSING

The method used to prepare the material

PERFORMANCE

The behavior of the material in its specific final application

PROPERTIES

Material characteristics. A material’s response to external stimulus (e.g., mechanical, thermal, electrical, magnetic, optical, deteriorative)

CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING TETRAHEDRON

• structure

• processing

• performance

• properties

STONE AGE (Beginning of Life - 3000 BC)

Use of naturally occurring materials with changes only in shape.

BRONZE AGE (3000 BC-1200 BC)

Introduction of copper and tin alloys.

IRON AGE (1200 BC - PRESENT)

Mastery of steel (iron alloy) technology enabled the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th century.

PLASTIC AGE (1940 - PRESENT)

Discovery of polymers and the ability to synthesize and process of polymers 

SILICON AGE (1940 - PRESENT)

Ability to control alloying accurately and ability to make thin films

Commercialization of silicon technology

CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS

• metals

• ceramics

• polymers

• composites

METALS

Good conductors of heat/electricity, lustrous, strong but deformable, susceptible to corrosion.

CERAMICS

Thermal/electrical insulators, resistant to high temperatures/harsh environments, hard but brittle.

POLYMERS

Composed of very large molecules, low density/weight, can be extremely flexible.

COMPOSITES

Consists of more than one material type; designed to combine the best properties of each component.