Cellular Respiration Test

What is cellular respiration?

the process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen

Cellular Respiration Equation

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Cellular Respiration Reactants and Products

Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Atp

what does aerobic mean?

with oxygen

what does anaerobic mean?

without oxygen

what are the 3 phases of cellular respiration?

1. glycolysis
2. krebs cycle
3. electron transport chain

which phase(s) of CR do not need oxygen?

glycolysis

which phase(s) of CR DO need oxygen?

krebs cycle, electron transport chain

what is glycolysis? where does it occur?

process that breaks down glucose, cytoplasm

what is the first step of glycolysis?

2 ATP's transfer their phosphate groups to a glucose

what is the second step of glycolysis?

2 phosphates r taken from 3C's, phosphate added to ADP, electrons and H+ are removed from 3C, NAD+ is converted to NADH

what is the third step of glycolysis?

3C's are converted to 2 molecules of pyruvate

what is the krebs cycle? where does it occur?

series of reactions in which pyruvate is broken down into CO2, occurs in the mitochondrial matrix

Glycolysis Products

2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvic acids

Alternative name for Kreb cycle

Citric acid cycle because citric acid is the first compound formed in this series of reactions

First Step of Krebs Cyle

NAD+ accepts 2 high-energy electrons to form NADH. One CO2 molecule is produced. 2 carbons from pyruvic acid form to make acetyl-CoA

Second Step Kreb Cycle

Acetyl-CoA combines with a 4-carbon molecule to produce citric acid

Third Step of Kreb Cyle

CO2 is released from a 5 carbon to make a 4 carbon

Fourth step of the krebs cycle

4 carbon molecule starts cyle again by combing with acetyl-CoA. Generates FADH2 and NADH and ATP

Products of Krebs Cycle

carbon dioxide, NADH, FADH2, and ATP

How many times does Kreb Cyle need to happen before the glucose is broken down completely?

Twice

What does the electron transport chain do? Where does it occur?

uses the high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. Occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

First step Electron transport chain

NADH and FADH2 pass their high-energy electrons to electron carrier proteins in the electron transport chain

Second step electron transport chain

passes energized e- from protein to protein, e- loses some energy

3rd step electron transport chain

H+ ions pass back across the mitochondrial membrane through the ATP synthase, causing the ATP synthase molecule to spin. With each rotation, the ATP synthase attaches a phosphate to ADP to produce ATP.

4th Step of Electron Transport Chain

Hydrogen Ion, electrons, and oxygen molecule bond to form H20

ETC Products

H20, and ATP

how much ATP does each phase of the calvin cycle make?

glycolysis = 2 ATP \n krebs cycle = 2 ATP \n ETC = 34-36 ATP

Cellular Respiration products

ATP, 6C02, and 6H20