spanish packet review

all words that you might need to know

reflexive verbs

me/te/se/nos/se

reflexive pronoun + -------

\
I shower (ducharse)

conjugated reflexive verb

\
yo me ducho

conocer meaning & yo conjugation

to know/meet: conozco

hacer meaning & yo conjugation

to do: hago

mantener meaning & yo conjugation

to maintain: mantengo

decir meaning & yo conjugation

to say/tell: digo

poner meaning & yo conjugation

to put: pongo

salir meaning & yo conjugation

to leave: salgo

ofrecer meaning & yo conjugation

to offer: ofrezco

tener meaning & yo conjugation

to have: tengo

oír meaning & yo conjugation

to hear: oigo

obedecer meaning & yo conjugation

to obey: obedezco

“Me voy ducharse” can also be written as

Voy a ducharme

to substitute “reflexive pronoun --- reflexive verb” you can

reflexive pronoun + reflexive verb ending

\
ex: duchar__**se**__

arreglar

to tidy up

cepillo

to brush

despierto

to wake up

ducho

to shower

levanto

to lift

seco

to dry

visto

to see

aburrirse

bored

casarse

get married

divertirse

enjoy

dormirse

sleep

lavarse

wash

ponerse

put

volverse

rotate/become

enojarse

angry

pedir yo conjugation

pido

when to use tantas/tantos

when word following is feminine/masculine

how to ask how something has been going

¿Cuánto tiempo + hace que + present tense verb?

to tell how long something has been going on

hace + period of time + que + present-tense verb

affirmative or negative?

alguien (someone/anyone)

affirmative

affirmative or negative?

algo (something)

affirmative

affirmative or negative?

algún (some, any)

alguno(s)

alguna(s)

affirmative

affirmative or negative?

siempre (always)

affirmative

affirmative or negative?

también (also, too)

affirmative

affirmative or negative?

nadie (no one, nobody)

negative

affirmative or negative?

nada (nothing)

negative

affirmative or negative?

ningún (no, none, not any)

ninguno

ninguna

negative

affirmative or negative?

nunca (never)

negative

affirmative or negative?

tampoco (neither, either)

negative

when saying ‘some’ or ‘algún’ match the:

gender & number

probar

to try

encontrar

to find/meet

poder preterite conjugations

pude

pudiste

pudo

pudimos

pudisteis

pudieron

estar preterite conjugations

estuve

estuviste

estuvo

estuvimos

estuvisteis

estuvieron

hacer preterite conjugations

hice

hiciste

hizo

hicimos

hicisteis

hicieron

tener preterite conjugations

tuve

tuviste

tuvo

tuvimos

tuvisteis

tuvieron

infinitive: decir

stem?

dij

infinitive: estar

stem?

estuv

infinitive: poder

stem?

pud

infinitive: poner

stem?

pus

infinitive: tener

stem?

tuv

infinitive: traer (to bring)

stem?

traj

infinitive: venir

stem?

vin

irregular preterite endings

e

iste

o

imos

isteis

ieron, eron

oír conjugation (preterite)

oí

oíste

oyó

oímos

oísteis

oyeron

leer conjugation (preterite)

leí

leíste

leyó

leímos

leísteis

leyeron

creer conjugation (preterite)

creí

creíste

creyó

creímos

creísteis

creyeron

destruir conjugation (preterite)

destruí

destruíste

destruyó

destruimos

destruisteis

destruyeron

preferir (preterite conjugation?)

when does stem change and what is it?

preferí

preferiste

**prefirió**

preferimos

preferisteis

**prefirieron**

\
(changes at el/ella/usted & ellos/ellas/uds.)

(e>o)

dormir (preterite conjugation?)

when does stem change and what is it?

dormí

dormiste

**durmió**

dormimos

dormisteis

**durmieron**

\
(changes at el/ella/usted & ellos/ellas/uds.)

(o>u)

pedir (preterite conjugation?)

when does stem change and what is it?

pedir (preterite conjugation?)

when does stem change and what is it?

pedí

pediste

**pidió**

pedimos

pedisteis

**pidieron**

\
(changes at el/ella/usted & ellos/ellas/uds.)

(e>o)

seguir (preterite conjugation?)

when does stem change and what is it?

el/ellos/etc.

(e>i)

servir (preterite conjugation?)

when does stem change and what is it?

el/ellos/etc.

(e>i)

reírse conjugation (preterite)

when does stem change and what is it?

reí

reíste

rió

reímos

reísteis

rieron

\
no stem change

ir imperfect conjugations

iba

ibas

iba

ibamos

ibais

iban

ver imperfect conjugations

veía

veías

veía

veíamos

veíais

veían

ser imperfect conjugations

era

eras

era

eramos

erais

eran

what tense is used when no end or beginning is mentioned?

imperfect

what tense is used to **describe** interrupting actions?

imperfect

what tense is used to tell time/weather?

imperfect

haber preterite conjugations

hube

hubiste 

hubimos

\----

hubieron

present progressive: decir

diciendo

present progressive: dormir

durmiendo

present progressive: servir

sirviendo

present progressive: pedir

pidiendo

present progressive: seguir

siguiendo

present progressive: dormir

durmiendo

what does safe waters stand for?

Specific action

Action that interrupts

Focus on beginning or end

Enclosed period of time

\
Weather

Age

Time

Emotion

Repetition

Setting or description

when to use hubo (hacer) over había

to say an event took place

when to use había over hubo (hacer)

to describe an event in the past

present progressive of er verbs

add -yendo ending

\
ex: traer →trayendo

summer/fall/winter/spring

verano/ontoño/invierno/primavera

purple

morado/a

brown

café

orange

anaranjado/a

blue

azul

green

verde

yellow

amarillo

red

rojo

black

negro

white

blanco

grey

gris

pink

rosado

nephews

sobrinas/os

what does estar place stand for?

Position

Location

Action

Condition

Emotion

what does ser doctor stand for?

Description

Origin

Characteristics

Time

Occupation

Relationship