Emergency Medical Responder - The Human Body Chapter 6

Flashcards for key vocabulary related to human anatomy and physiology for emergency medical responders.

Anterior

Front surface of the body.

Posterior

Back surface of the body.

Midline

Imaginary vertical line separating the body into left and right halves.

Medial

Closer to the midline of the body.

Lateral

Away from the midline of the body.

Proximal

Close to the point of attachment.

Distal

Distant from the point of attachment.

Superior

Closer to the head.

Inferior

Closer to the feet.

Respiratory System

Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide.

Airway Components

Nose, mouth, throat, larynx, trachea, and passages within the lungs.

Alveoli

Where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs.

Circulatory System

Includes the heart, blood, and blood vessels.

Blood Flow

Blood picks up oxygen and goes to the heart, which pumps it to the body.

Carotid Artery

Neck artery.

Femoral Artery

Groin artery.

Radial Artery

Wrist artery.

Capillaries

Smallest blood vessels.

Veins

Carry blood back to the heart.

Blood Components

Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Skeletal System

Protects and supports the body; protects vital structures, and manufactures red blood cells

Bones of the Head

Skull and lower jawbone.

Spinal Sections

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx.

Bones of Shoulder Girdle

Collarbone, shoulder blade, and upper arm bone.

Bones of Upper Arm

Humerus, ulna, and radius.

Rib Cage Function

Protects the heart, lungs, liver, and spleen.

Pelvis

Serves as the link between the body and lower extremities; protects reproductive organs

Bones of Lower Extremity

Femur, tibia, and fibula.

Types of Joints

Fused, hinge, and ball-and-socket.

Types of Muscles

Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.

Nervous System

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Digestive System

Breaks down food for the body.

Additional Digestive Organs

Liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Genitourinary System

Reproductive functions and waste removal.

Male Reproductive Organs

Testes and penis.

Female Reproductive Organs

Ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes.

Urinary System Components

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Skin Functions

Protects, regulates temperature, and transmits information.

Skin Layers

Dermis and Epidermis.

Vital Signs

Pulse rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure.

Factors Affecting Vital Signs

Size, physical conditioning, and medications.