History

Define federalism

the shared powers between states and a central government

Define Separation of Powers

the power is separated between three branches rather than one having all the power

Define Checks & Balances

are ways the three branches can stop the other branches from having all the power

Define Concurrent Powers

powers shared between state and federal governments

Define the Supremacy Clause

allows congress create laws that are “necessary and proper” this allows them to stretch their power

Define Reserved Powers

state powers

Define Implied Powers

powers that are not actually states in the constitution

Define Expressed Powers

powers actually stated in the constitution

Article I

creates the legislative branch of our government

Article II

describes the job of the executive branch

Article III

creates the Supreme Court and authorizes Congress to create federal courts below the Supreme Court.

Article IV

describes how states should interact with each other

Article V

describes how the constitution can be changed

Article VI

states the laws and treaties of the US government are “the supreme law of the land”

Article VII

how to ratify an amendment

Legislative branch roles/duties

to legislate (to draft bills that could become laws)

Qualifications for the senate

* must be at least 30 years old
* been a us citizen for at least 9 years
* live in the state you represent

Qualifications for The House of Representatives

* must be at least 25 years old
* been a citizen for 7 years
* live in the state you represent

Powers of Congress (as a whole)

* collect taxes
* borrow money and pay debts
* make rules for how to become a citizen 
* regulate commerce with other nations
* coin money and punish counterfeiters
* establish post offices 
* give patents to new inventions 
* create the lower federal courts
* punish pirates
* declare war and support and army and navy
* make any other laws that are “necessary and proper”

Powers of The Senate

* power to impeach - ⅔ votes
* power to confirm Presidential Appointment 
* approves on bills to raise money

Powers of The House of Representatives

* has sole power to impeach the president
* all bills to raise money must come from the H of R
* all bills(laws) must pass the H of R before going to the president

Explain the Elastic Clause

It is a part of the constitution that says congress may make any law that is “necessary and proper” for carrying out its expressed powers.

In which instances will The judicial branch work with the executive branch?

* approve presidential appointments 
* bring impeachment meetings 
* power to override presidential vetoes 
* ratify treaties 
* declare war

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Identify how congress checks the power of the others?

* impeach the president
* override a presidential veto with ⅔ majority
* senate can not confirm a presentation appointment 

Executive branch (presedant) Roles/Duties

execute and carry out laws

President Qualifications

* Must be a natural born citizen
* Must be at least 35 years old
* Must be 14 years a resident within the United States
* Term is for 4 years - only 2 terms allowed
* Must give state of the union to Congress

Powers of the president

* Commander and Chief of the Army and Navy
* Can grant pardons and Can veto laws.
* Can call Congress into session.
* Make treaties, appoint Supreme Court Justices, Ambassadors and Cabinet Positions - \*Needs Senate approval
* Executive Orders - federal directives used by the president to manage operations of the federal government. 
* power to pardon

Identify how the president checks the power of the others?

* veto a bill
* pardon people

Judicial branch roles/duties

interprets the law in regards to the constitution

How does one become a Justice?

appointed by the president, aproves by senate

Power of the judicial branch

judgitual review

How are cases chosen?

4 justices decide to hear the case

Identify how this branch checks the power of the others?

* striking down a law they believe is unconstitutional

Define Appeal

If you lose a court you can ask to appeal and see if a higher court will take your case

Define Precedent

legal opinion that is made

Define Opinions (Majority & Minority)

the majority is the opinion that most people agree with and the minority is the opinion less people agree with

Define Affirm

agree with something

Identify the difference between Federal (District court) & State courts

federal courts deal with federal crimes and state courts deal with state crimes

Jury v. Bench Trial

jury has 12 peers to hear your case while bench is the one judge

Criminal v. Civil Cases

criminal case is if  u committed a crime, civil court is if  u feel your civil rights have been breached 

Courts of Appeal

where an appeal is heard