The Nervous System

Flashcards covering key concepts of the nervous system, its parts, functions, and related disorders.

Nervous System

The control center and communication network of the body, transmitting signals and coordinating actions.

Neurons

Specialized cells that carry electrical signals to and from the brain and spinal cord.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord, controlling all bodily functions.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

The part of the nervous system located outside the CNS, connecting it to limbs and organs.

Cerebrum

The largest part of the brain, responsible for higher functions like thought, memory, and voluntary movement.

Cerebellum

The part of the brain located at the back, responsible for balance, posture, and coordination of voluntary movements.

Brain Stem

The part of the brain connecting the brain with the spinal cord, controlling vital functions such as breathing and heart rate.

Somatic Nervous System

A division of the PNS that controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.

Autonomic Nervous System

A division of the PNS that automatically controls involuntary body functions.

Sensory Neurons

Neurons that carry information from sensory receptors to the CNS.

Motor Neurons

Neurons that transmit signals from the CNS to muscles or glands to produce action.

Interneurons

Neurons that connect sensory and motor neurons within the CNS.

Common Nervous System Disorders

Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, poliomyelitis, and stroke affecting the nervous system.