Chemistry 1100 Exam Review Flashcards

These flashcards cover key concepts from the Chemistry 1100 lecture notes, including chemical reactions, molecular geometry, greenhouse gases, and environmental impacts.

CO2 absorption of infrared radiation

CO2 molecules vibrate more when they absorb infrared radiation.

Atomic mass of carbon

Carbon's atomic mass is 12.01115, representing a weighted average of isotopic masses.

Tetrahedral molecular geometry

CH2F2 has a tetrahedral molecular geometry.

CO2 emissions discrepancy

Only about 80 billion tons of emitted CO2 have accumulated in the atmosphere because the oceans absorb about one-third.

Octet rule

In carbon-containing compounds, each carbon atom forms bonds to have 8 electrons around it.

Atomic chlorine and ozone relationship

As chlorine levels in the atmosphere increase, ozone levels decrease.

Greenhouse effect diagram

The greenhouse effect is depicted by solar energy warming the Earth while atmospheric gases trap the heat.

Processes adding CO2 to the atmosphere

Respiration, deforestation, and combustion of fossil fuels add CO2 to the atmosphere.

Breaking chemical bonds

Breaking chemical bonds costs energy.

Atoms in one mole of CH3OH

There are 6 atoms in one mole of CH3OH.

Chloride ions in NaCl grain

An average grain of salt weighs 6.48×10^-5 kg, which corresponds to approximately 6.68×10^19 chloride ions.

Diimide structure

Diimide (HNNH) can be represented with its Lewis structure including all lone pairs.

Greenhouse gas properties of diimide

Yes, diimide can be a greenhouse gas because it has bonds that can stretch and bend.

Jet fuel combustion mass release

2.05×10^11 grams of jet fuel released approximately 6.48×10^11 grams of CO2.

White roofs and global warming

Painting roofs white increases albedo, reflecting more solar radiation and reducing warming.

Consequences of global warming

Sea-level rise and more extreme weather are consequences of global warming.

Stability of argon

Argon is unreactive due to having a complete octet of valence electrons.

Argon's abundance and greenhouse effect

Argon is abundant yet does not contribute to the greenhouse effect because it exists as single atoms.

Stratospheric reactions

Pair A represents ozone formation while Pair B represents ozone depletion.

UV photon wavelengths

The UV photon in Pair B has the shortest wavelength.

Carbon cycle

The carbon cycle describes the exchange of carbon among Earth's atmosphere, land, and water.

Infrared radiation effect on CO2

Infrared radiation causes CO2 molecules to vibrate, affecting atmospheric temperature.

Respiration contribution to CO2

The respiration of humans and animals contributes to CO2 levels in the atmosphere.

Photosynthesis impact on CO2

Photosynthesis removes CO2 from the atmosphere.

Octet rule significance

Helps explain bonding in many chemical compounds, especially involving carbon.

Combustion of fossil fuels

A major source of increased atmospheric CO2 from human activities.

Importance of showing work

Showing work on chemical calculations is necessary for full credit during assessments.