Primate Species: Habitats, Diets, Social Structure

Lemurs, Sifakas, and Indrids range - Madagascar

Lemurs, Sifakas, and Indrids diet - Fruit & Leaves

Lemurs, Sifakas, and Indrids social structure - Female dominant groups, pairs

Lemurs, Sifakas, and Indrids traits - Diurnal and nocturnal, tapetum lucidum

Lorises & Galagos range - Africa, SE Asia

Lorises & Galagos diet - Insects, Fruit

Lorises & Galagos social structure - Solitary or small groups

Lorises & Galagos traits - Mostly nocturnal, tapetum lucidum

Aye-Aye location - Madagascar

Aye-Aye diet - Fruit, nuts, seeds, insects

Aye-Aye social behavior - Solitary

Aye-Aye traits - Nocturnal, tapetum lucidum

Tarsiers range - SE Asia

Tarsiers diet - Insects, lizards, small birds

Tarsiers social structure - Pairs (M/F), single male and multi-female groups (MFF)

Tarsiers traits - Nocturnal, no tapetum lucidum

Saki and Uakari range - South & Central America

Saki and Uakari diet - Fruit, seeds, leaves

Saki and Uakari social structure - MFFF groups and MF pairs

Saki and Uakari traits - Diurnal

Marmosets & Tamarins range - South & Central America

Marmosets & Tamarins diet - Gum, insects, fruit

Marmosets & Tamarins social structure - Pairs, female dominant, twins, paternal care, cooperative breeders

Marmosets & Tamarins traits - Claws, pairs and MFF, paternal care

Capuchins range - South & Central America

Capuchins diet - Fruit

Capuchins social structure - Groups, male dominant, marked dimorphism

Capuchins traits - Tool use, social learning, prehensile tails, big brains

Howler Monkeys range - South & Central America

Howler Monkeys diet - Leaves & Fruit

Howler Monkeys social structure - Groups, male dominant, marked dimorphism

Owl Monkeys range - South & Central America

Owl Monkeys diet - Fruit

Owl Monkeys social structure - Monogamous pairs

Owl Monkeys traits - Nocturnal, no tapetum lucidum

Cercopithecines range - Africa & Asia

Cercopithecines diet - Fruit & Leaves

Cercopithecines social structure - Groups, male dominant, marked dimorphism

Colobines range - Africa & Asia

Colobines diet - Seeds & Leaves

Colobines social structure - Groups, male dominant, marked dimorphism

Colobines traits - Large and complex stomach

Gibbons and Siamangs range - SE Asia

Gibbons and Siamangs diet - Fruit

Gibbons and Siamangs social structure - MF Pairs, monomorphic

Gibbons and Siamangs traits - Sing, true brachiators, territorial

Orangutans range - Borneo & Sumatra

Orangutans diet - Fruit

Orangutans social structure - Solitary

Orangutans traits - Arboreal, cheek flanges, secondary males, highly dimorphic

Gorillas range - Africa

Gorillas diet - Leaves & Fruit

Gorillas social structure - One male, several females, bachelor groups

Gorillas traits - Knucklewalking, highly dimorphic, silverback males

Chimpanzees range - Across West- and Central Africa

Chimpanzees diet - Fruit

Chimpanzees social structure - MMFF fission/fusion, male dominant

Chimpanzees traits - Tool use, hunting, territorial, moderately dimorphic, agonistic interaction is common

Bonobos range - Democratic Republic of the Congo, south of the Congo River

Bonobos diet - Fruit

Bonobos social structure - MMFF fission/fusion, female dominant (female alliances)

Bonobos traits - Knucklewalking, moderately dimorphic, sex for social bonding and conflict resolution (including female-female)

What are the two major suborders of primates? - Strepsirrhines and Haplorhines

What primates are included in Strepsirrhines? - Lemurs and Lorises

What primates are included in Haplorhines? - Tarsiers, Monkeys, and Apes

What is the infraorder under Haplorhines that includes only tarsiers? - Tarsiiformes

What is the infraorder under Haplorhines that includes monkeys and apes? - Anthropoidea

What are the two groups under Anthropoidea? - Platyrrhines and Catarrhines

What are Platyrrhines commonly known as? - New World Monkeys

What are Catarrhines commonly known as? - Old World Monkeys & Apes

What are the two superfamilies within Catarrhines? - Cercopithecoidea and Hominoidea

What primates are included in Cercopithecoidea? - Old World Monkeys

What primates are included in Hominoidea? - Apes